Abstract: A system may be configured to cool and provide oxidant to an open cathode proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC) stack comprising a plurality of FCs configured to operationally receive a first amount of fluid. Some embodiments may have the first amount be non-zero, and a controller may be configured to adjust the first amount such that a second amount of fluid substantially greater than the first amount is received at the FCs. The adjustment may be performed responsive to at least one of (i) a sensed attribute of one or more of the FCs changing by an amount that satisfies a danger criterion and (ii) an elapsed time of operation of the FC stack satisfying a periodicity criterion. The adjustment may cause the elapsed time to satisfy an endurance criterion.

Abstract: A switching controller for coupling one of a plurality of voltage sources to a load. The switching controller is configured to receive a characteristic of one of the plurality of voltage sources; for each of the plurality of voltage sources, set a proportion of a switching period of a control signal during which the voltage source is connected to the load, wherein the proportion of the switching period is set based on the received characteristic of one of the plurality of voltage sources; and control which of the plurality of voltage sources is connected to the load in accordance with the control signal.

Abstract: A fuel cell system with planar manifold having at least one fuel cell assembly with a first side and a second side; a plurality of anodes on the first side; a plurality of cathodes on the second side; ion-conducting electrolyte between the first and second sides; a fluid manifold assembly fluidly connected to the first side. In the planar manifold a first barrier layer provides at least one inlet port in fluid communication with a hydrogen source, and at least one outlet port to remove any unreacted hydrogen and byproducts from the first side; a plurality of conduit layers, on at least one of which is disposed one or more channels fluidly connected to the at least one inlet port and one of which is fluidly connected to the at least one outlet port; and, a second barrier layer disposed above the plurality of conduit layers containing a plurality of perforations affixed to the first side to supply hydrogen gas.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell comprising a proton exchange membrane and a catalyst layer including a catalyst, the method comprising; forming a gas diffusion layer comprising graphene.

Abstract: A switching controller for coupling one of a plurality of voltage sources to a load. The switching controller is configured to receive a characteristic of one of the plurality of voltage sources; for each of the plurality of voltage sources, set a proportion of a switching period of a control signal during which the voltage source is connected to the load, wherein the proportion of the switching period is set based on the received characteristic of one of the plurality of voltage sources; and control which of the plurality of voltage sources is connected to the load in accordance with the control signal.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe an inspection apparatus which performs inspection on a smaller field of a wafer with structures for current collection. The defective via holes may be located based on the collected current. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

Abstract: A computer system in which a touch-screen display displays an electronic program guide to a user. A first user can book to watch a television program at a future time by selecting a “book to watch” button 56 on the EPG. The first user can then invite a number of contacts to watch the television program as well. Invitations are sent to the contacts' devices using a server, and an indication of those contacts that have accepted the invitation is displayed on an EPG associated with the first user.

Abstract: A lamp, a method of making a bulb for a lamp and an optical apparatus are disclosed. The lamp may include an anode and cathode disposed within a bulb. The bulb may include an optically refractive wall that is rotationally symmetric about an axis. A thickness of the wall may decrease with increase in azimuthal angle between an equatorial plane of the bulb and a point on the bulb's surface. The apparatus may include the lamp and an ellipsoidal reflecting surface. An alternative apparatus may include an ellipsoidal reflecting surface and a lamp having an anode and cathode within a bulb. A gap between the anode and cathode may be proximate a focus of the reflecting surface. The bulb may include an optically refractive wall configured such that a 0.24/0.13 NA power ratio for bulb light coupled to the interior ellipsoidal reflecting surface is between about 3.0 and about 3.3.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods relating to the characterization of gene function. Specifically, the present disclosure provides transgenic mice comprising disruption in a CTSG. The present disclosure also provides methods of identifying agents that modulate CTSG expression and function, useful models, and potential treatments for various disease states and disease conditions.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods relating to the characterization and function of CCR6. Specifically, the present disclosure provides transgenic animals comprising disruptions in a CCR6 gene and methods of treating diseases conditions, such as pain, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and contact dermatitis. The present disclosure further relates to agents that modulate CCR6 and methods of screening for agents that modulate CCR6 for the treatment of diseases and conditions such as pain, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and contact dermatitis.

Abstract: Improved regimens for administering proteasome inhibitors are described, wherein proteasome inhibition is more sustained relative to certain current regimens which permit substantial recovery of proteasome activity between doses of inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to transgenic animals, as well as compositions and methods relating to the characterization of gene function. Specifically, the present invention provides transgenic mice comprising mutations in a SOCS-5 gene. Such transgenic mice are useful as models for disease and for identifying agents that modulate gene expression and gene function, and as potential treatments for various disease states and disease conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to transgenic animals, as well as compositions and methods relating to the characterization of gene function. Specifically, the present invention provides transgenic mice comprising mutations in a GNG4 gene. Such transgenic mice are useful as models for disease and for identifying agents that modulate gene expression and gene function, and as potential treatments for various disease states and disease conditions.