Abstract: Systems, tools, and methods for enhancing a measurement of a fluid in a borehole, pipe, conduit and/or the like involve an electromagnetic measurement tool that includes a transmitting antenna configured to transmit electromagnetic energy, a receiving antenna configured to receive the electromagnetic energy, and a metamaterial element comprising a negative refractive index. The metamaterial element may focus the electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic system may comprise one or more antennas that are disposed adjacent to or in contact with the fluid, electromagnetic energy may be transmitted via the transmitting antenna, and the electromagnetic energy may be received with the receiving antenna to measure a property of the fluid.

Abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus for measuring properties of a fluid stream flowing within a pipeline has one or more magnet systems for applying magnetic field to the fluid stream and also has means for inducing and observing magnetic resonance within the fluid stream as it passes through a said magnetic field. The apparatus may also include a polarizing magnetic field upstream of the magnetic field in which resonance is observed. The fluid stream may be hydrocarbon from an underground reservoir. In order to guard against accumulation of magnetisable iron debris particles entrained in the fluid flow, the apparatus comprises one or more upstream traps having a magnetic field to attract and hold solid magnetizable material and an exit path for the removal of the solid magnetizable material so that it does not continue towards any polarizing field and the field where resonance is observed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems, tools, and methods for enhancing a measurement of a fluid in a borehole, pipe, conduit and/or the like. The systems, tools, and methods may involve an electromagnetic measurement tool that includes a transmitting antenna configured to transmit electromagnetic energy, a receiving antenna configured to receive the electromagnetic energy, and a metamaterial element comprising a negative refractive index. The metamaterial element may focus the electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic system may comprise one or more antennas that are disposed adjacent to or in contact with the fluid, electromagnetic energy may be transmitted via the transmitting antenna, and the electromagnetic energy may be received with the receiving antenna to measure a property of the fluid.

Abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus for measuring properties of a fluid stream flowing within a pipeline has one or more magnet systems for applying magnetic field to the fluid stream and also has means for inducing and observing magnetic resonance within the fluid stream as it passes through a said magnetic field. The apparatus may also include a polarizing magnetic field upstream of the magnetic field in which resonance is observed. The fluid stream may be hydrocarbon from an underground reservoir. In order to guard against accumulation of magnetisable iron debris particles entrained in the fluid flow, the apparatus comprises one or more upstream traps having a magnetic field to attract and hold solid magnetizable material and an exit path for the removal of the solid magnetizable material so that it does not continue towards any polarizing field and the field where resonance is observed.

Abstract: Methods and systems for investigating downhole conditions are described. One method comprises inserting a tubular into a wellbore, the tubular comprising a tubular section having upper and lower fluid injection ports, and having a thermally insulated fiber optic cable section positioned inside the tubular extending to the upper fluid injection port, and a non-insulated fiber optic cable section positioned outside of the tubular section and extending at least between the upper and lower fluid injection ports; positioning the tubular section having upper and lower fluid injection ports near a suspected thief or pay zone; injecting a fluid through the upper fluid injection port; determining a first differential temperature profile between the upper and lower fluid injection ports; injecting a fluid through the lower fluid injection port; and determining a second differential temperature profile at least between the upper and lower fluid injection ports.

Abstract: Methods and systems for investigating downhole conditions are described. One method comprises inserting a tubular into a wellbore, the tubular comprising a tubular section having upper and lower fluid injection ports, and having a thermally insulated fiber optic cable section positioned inside the tubular extending to the upper fluid injection port, and a non-insulated fiber optic cable section positioned outside of the tubular section and extending at least between the upper and lower fluid injection ports; positioning the tubular section having upper and lower fluid injection ports near a suspected thief or pay zone; injecting a fluid through the upper fluid injection port; determining a first differential temperature profile between the upper and lower fluid injection ports; injecting a fluid through the lower fluid injection port; and determining a second differential temperature profile at least between the upper and lower fluid injection ports.