Abstract: A pedal block may have an elongated quasi-cuboid structure characterized by a first foot-contacting surface on one face having a first front end and a first back end, and a second foot-contacting surface on an opposite face having a second front end and a second back end. A pedal spindle may be disposed in the pedal block between the first foot-contacting surface and the second foot-contacting surface and may include an axle and a crank attachment. The first foot-contacting surface and the second foot-contacting surface may each be contoured to contact a substantial portion of a foot of a rider whose foot is disposed on either the first foot-contacting surface or the second foot-contacting surface. A heel cup may be provided to support the heel and ankle of the rider.

Abstract: R-spondin (RSPO) surrogate compositions and methods for their use are provided. RSPO surrogates of the invention comprise (i) a specific binding domain for Ring Finger Protein 43 (RNF43) or Zinc and Ring Finger Protein 3 (ZNRF3) and (ii) a cell targeting domain More specifically, wherein the specific binding domain for RNF43 or ZNRF3 is an antibody fragment, and wherein the cell targeting domain is a cytokine.

Abstract: A steering system may include a seat assembly, a frame assembly and a wheel. The frame assembly may include a steering tube that is rotatably disposed within a head tube with a cam at a top end and a pair of forks at a bottom end to which is coupled an axle of the wheel. An arm may be disposed on and rotatably coupled to the seat assembly, and rotatably coupled to a left armrest and right armrest. A steering rod may be coupled to the cam and to one of the arms, the left armrest or the right armrest, such that forward movement of one of the armrests causes the steering rod to be translated forward and the cam to rotate in one direction, and backward movement of the same armrest causes the steering rod to be translated backward and the cam to rotate in an opposite direction.

Abstract: A steering system may include a seat assembly, a frame assembly and a wheel. The frame assembly may include a steering tube that is rotatably disposed within a head tube with a cam at a top end and a pair of forks at a bottom end to which is coupled an axle of the wheel. An arm may be disposed on and rotatably coupled to the seat assembly, and rotatably coupled to a left armrest and right armrest. A steering rod may be coupled to the cam and to one of the arms, the left armrest or the right armrest, such that forward movement of one of the armrests causes the steering rod to be translated forward and the cam to rotate in one direction, and backward movement of the same armrest causes the steering rod to be translated backward and the cam to rotate in an opposite direction.

Abstract: A valve assembly for an exhaust gas recirculation system includes a housing defining an inlet bore and including a second interior surface defining a housing bore. The valve assembly also includes a valve seat and a valve. The valve includes a valve stem and a valve sealing member. The valve assembly optionally includes a baffle at least partially disposed in the housing bore. A first interior radius is defined between the valve stem and the second interior surface. A second interior radius is defined between at least one of the valve stem and the second interior surface, the valve stem and the baffle, and the baffle and the second interior surface. The second interior radius is different from the first interior radius and is configured to direct the flow of the exhaust gas in the housing bore to reduce swirl of exhaust gas in the housing bore.

Abstract: Methods for providing a computer implemented medical diagnosis are provided. In one aspect, a method includes receiving an input from a user comprising at least one symptom of the user, and providing the at least one symptom as an input to a medical model. The method also includes deriving estimates of the probability of the user having a disease from the discriminative model, inputting the estimates to the inference engine, performing approximate inference on the probabilistic graphical model to obtain a prediction of the probability that the user has that disease, and outputting the probability of the user having the disease for display by a display device.

Abstract: Methods for providing a computer implemented medical diagnosis are provided. In one aspect, a method includes receiving an input from a user comprising at least one symptom of the user, and providing the at least one symptom as an input to a medical model. The method also includes deriving estimates of the probability of the user having a disease from the discriminative model, inputting the estimates to the inference engine, performing approximate inference on the probabilistic graphical model to obtain a prediction of the probability that the user has that disease, and outputting the probability of the user having the disease for display by a display device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are DNA origami nanostmcture that can be functionalized for personalized and targeted drug delivery. The disclosed nanostructures enter cells through the endolysosomal pathway and circumvent drug resistance mechanisms in target cells. The disclosed nanostructures can be loaded small molecule drugs (e.g. anthracyclines, anti-metabolites) and nucleic acids (e.g. antisense oligonucleotides, siRNA, miRNA) with targeting and/or therapeutic antibodies against tumor-specific antigens (e.g. anti-CD33, anti-CD20) that can be modified to treat to a wide range of cancers and ultimately tailored to specific patients' needs for precision medicine.

Abstract: Apparatus including a robotically controlled end effector having a compliant nosepiece that forms plies of a material onto contoured surfaces of a tool. The end effector includes a plurality of individually controllable rotary actuators which respectively control the position and compliancy of individual sections of the nosepiece in order to better conform the plies the contoured tool surfaces.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming composite plies on a contoured tool includes a forming head for forming the composite plies on the tool. The forming head is mounted on a manipulator and includes a compliant nosepiece adapted to conform to the contoured tool.

Abstract: R-spondin (RSPO) surrogate compositions and methods for their use are provided. RSPO surrogates of the invention comprise (i) a specific binding domain for Ring Finger Protein 43 (RNF43) or Zinc and Ring Finger Protein 3 (ZNRF3) and (ii) a cell targeting domain More specifically, wherein the specific binding domain for RNF43 or ZNRF3 is an antibody fragment, and wherein the cell targeting domain is a cytokine.

Abstract: Apparatus including a robotically controlled end effector having a compliant nosepiece that forms plies of a material onto contoured surfaces of a tool. The end effector includes a plurality of individually controllable rotary actuators which respectively control the position and compliancy of individual sections of the nosepiece in order to better conform the plies the contoured tool surfaces.

Abstract: A method for the isolation of lignin from a lignocellulosic biomass, comprising providing a lignocellulosic biomass; extracting sugar free lignin from the lignocellulosic biomass by contacting said biomass with an organic aqueous solution comprising water and at least one water miscible organic solvent, either discontinuously or continuously, whereby a biomass-solvent suspension is formed; separating the sugar free lignin solution from the biomass-solvent suspension to obtain a sugar free lignin solution and a cellulosic material enriched with lignin carbohydrate complexes and hemicellulose, and optionally isolating sugar free lignin from the sugar free lignin solution; extracting the lignin carbohydrate complexes from the cellulosic material enriched with lignin carbohydrate complexes and hemicellulose by contacting said cellulosic material with a liquid comprising at least water, whereby treated biomass suspension is formed; separating the lignin carbohydrate complexes solution from said treated biomass sus

Abstract: A method for the isolation of lignin from a lignocellulosic biomass, comprising providing a lignocellulosic biomass; extracting sugar free lignin from the lignocellulosic biomass by contacting said biomass with an organic aqueous solution comprising water and at least one water miscible organic solvent, either discontinuously or continuously, whereby a biomass-solvent suspension is formed; separating the sugar free lignin solution from the biomass-solvent suspension to obtain a sugar free lignin solution and a cellulosic material enriched with lignin carbohydrate complexes and hemicellulose, and optionally isolating sugar free lignin from the sugar free lignin solution; extracting the lignin carbohydrate complexes from the cellulosic material enriched with lignin carbohydrate complexes and hemicellulose by contacting said cellulosic material with a liquid comprising at least water, whereby treated biomass suspension is formed; separating the lignin carbohydrate complexes solution from said treated biomass sus

Abstract: Apparatus for forming composite plies on a contoured tool includes a forming head for forming the composite plies on the tool. The forming head is mounted on a manipulator and includes a compliant nosepiece adapted to conform to the contoured tool.

Abstract: A device including two air distribution chambers configured to be fixed on a cylinder head and an air distributor and/or an air transfer pipe, the air transfer pipe and the air distribution chambers including, in the immediate surroundings of their nozzles, for being relatively positioned and assembled together: between the air distributor and one of the air distribution chambers, a positioning and supporting mechanism for support and precise relative centering, substantially without clearance, except for possible pivoting about the axis of engagement, once the centering has been provided along the axis, and, between the air distributor and the other air distribution chamber: an additional support mechanism and locating mechanism. A fixing mechanism locks, at the required swivel angle and in relative support, each air distribution chamber and the air distributor.

Abstract: An ink stick for use in a phase change ink imaging device is provided, the phase change ink device having an ink stick feed system. The ink stick has a solid ink body having an exterior surface, and a light responsive overcoat that overlays at least a portion of the exterior surface of the ink stick body.

Abstract: A device including two air distribution chambers configured to be fixed on a cylinder head and an air distributor and/or an air transfer pipe, the air transfer pipe and the air distribution chambers including, in the immediate surroundings of their nozzles, for being relatively positioned and assembled together: between the air distributor and one of the air distribution chambers, a positioning and supporting mechanism for support and precise relative centering, substantially without clearance, except for possible pivoting about the axis of engagement, once the centering has been provided along the axis, and, between the air distributor and the other air distribution chamber: an additional support mechanism and locating mechanism. A fixing mechanism locks, at the required swivel angle and in relative support, each air distribution chamber and the air distributor.

Abstract: An ink stick for use in a phase change ink imaging device is provided, the phase change ink device having an ink stick feed system. The ink stick comprises a solid ink body having an exterior surface, and a light responsive overcoat that overlays at least a portion of the exterior surface of the ink stick body.

Abstract: Children's ride-on vehicles having improved shifter assemblies. The vehicles include a drive assembly comprising a velocity control assembly that selectively configures the drive assembly within a plurality of drive configurations and which includes a switch assembly adapted to be selectively configured between a plurality of velocity settings. Each velocity setting configures the drive assembly to a predetermined drive configuration. The velocity control assembly may include an actuator assembly that receives user inputs via a shifter handle moveable between a plurality of shift positions along a plurality of shift paths. Each shift position configures the switch assembly to a particular velocity setting. At least two of the shift paths have non-linear relative orientations.