Patents by Inventor Christopher M. Ward
Christopher M. Ward has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 7701295Abstract: A high efficiency class-AB amplifier is disclosed. The amplifier comprises a first input stage and a second input stage, both coupled to a class-AB biasing mesh and an output stage, wherein the outputs of the first and second input stages are directly coupled to the output transistors in the output stage. In one embodiment, a first gate of the first input stage and of the second input stage are coupled together to receive the same input and a second gate of the first input stage and of the second input stage are coupled together to receive the same input. In another embodiment, the first input stage and second input stage may further comprise cascode transistors for coupling the two input stages to the class-AB biasing mesh. In yet another embodiment, a 3V supply is used and 1V transistors are used to improve gain and 3V transistors are used to protect the 1V transistors.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 2007Date of Patent: April 20, 2010Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Ovidiu Bajdechi, Christopher M. Ward, Klaas Bult
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Patent number: 7662625Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for detecting the differentiation status of stem cells comprising detecting the expression of 5T4 antigen in said stem cells. The present invention also relates to methods for separating populations of undifferentiated or differentiated mammalian stem cells from a mixture of differentiated and undifferentiated stem cells through detection of 5T4 expression.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 2003Date of Patent: February 16, 2010Assignee: Cancer Research Technology LimitedInventors: Peter L. Stern, Miles W. Carroll, Christopher M. Ward
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Patent number: 7560013Abstract: An electrochemical sensor for organic molecules such as ethylene includes an electrochemical cell, gas sample inlet means and means for detecting current produced by the oxidation of the organic molecule at the anode of the cell. The sensor is capable of sensing multiple organic molecules in some embodiments. A voltage is applied to the anode of the cell to provide energy to drive the oxidation reaction and produce a corresponding current. The sensor of the invention can be made as a small, hand-held unit that is capable of real-time detection of various organic species.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 2007Date of Patent: July 14, 2009Assignee: Fluid Analytics, Inc.Inventors: Allroza Shekarriz, W. Lloyd Allen, Daniel James Faulkner, Christopher M. Ward, Debra M. Gilbuena
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Publication number: 20080284919Abstract: An integrated receiver with channel selection and image rejection substantially implemented on a single CMOS integrated circuit is described. A receiver front end provides programmable attenuation and a programmable gain low noise amplifier. Frequency conversion circuitry advantageously uses LC filters integrated onto the substrate in conjunction with image reject mixers to provide sufficient image frequency rejection. Filter tuning and inductor Q compensation over temperature are performed on chip. The filters utilize multi track spiral inductors. The filters are tuned using local oscillators to tune a substitute filter, and frequency scaling during filter component values to those of the filter being tuned. In conjunction with filtering, frequency planning provides additional image rejection. The advantageous choice of local oscillator signal generation methods on chip is by PLL out of band local oscillation and by direct synthesis for in band local oscillator.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 30, 2008Publication date: November 20, 2008Applicant: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Pieter Vorenkamp, Klaas Bult, Frank Carr, Christopher M. Ward, Ralph Duncan, Tom W. Kwan, James Y.C. Chang, Haideh Khorramabadi
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Publication number: 20080253356Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for a power reduction scheme for Ethernet PHYs are provided. An Ethernet PHY in a link partner may disable transmission via a transmit DAC integrated during an inactive connection, 10Base-T autonegotiation operation, and/or active 10Base-T connection with no data packet transmission. The DAC may be a voltage mode or current mode DAC. The PHY or a MAC device may determine when to disable transmission via the DAC. In this regard, the PHY or the MAC device may generate appropriate signals for disabling the transmission. The DAC may be enabled for transmission by the PHY or the MAC device when a connection becomes active or when an active 10Base-T connection is ready to transmit data. Moreover, the PHY may enable transmission via the DAC when operating in a forced 10Base-T mode of operation and the connection to the link partner is active.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 11, 2007Publication date: October 16, 2008Inventors: Mark Berman, Manolito Catalasan, Ovidiu Bajdechi, Christopher M. Ward, Bruce H. Conway, Derek Tam, Frank van der Goes
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Patent number: 7423699Abstract: An integrated receiver with channel selection and image rejection substantially implemented on a single CMOS integrated circuit is described. A receiver front end provides programable attenuation and a programable gain low noise amplifier. Frequency conversion circuitry advantageously uses LC filters integrated onto the substrate in conjunction with image reject mixers to provide sufficient image frequency rejection. Filter tuning and inductor Q compensation over temperature are performed on chip. The filters utilize multi track spiral inductors. The filters are tuned using local oscillators to tune a substitute filter, and frequency scaling during filter component values to those of the filter being tuned. In conjunction with filtering, frequency planning provides additional image rejection. The advantageous choice of local oscillator signal generation methods on chip is by PLL out of band local oscillation and by direct synthesis for in band local oscillator.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2006Date of Patent: September 9, 2008Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Pieter Vorenkamp, Klaas Bult, Frank Carr, Christopher M. Ward, Ralph Duncan, Tom W. Kwan, James Y. C. Chang, Haideh Khorramabadi
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Patent number: 7403041Abstract: A line driver for generating 10 BT signals is disclosed. Digital symbols to be transmitted via a 10 BT Ethernet line are converted by a digital-to-analog converter into a corresponding analog voltage signal, which is fed into an active output impedance line driver. The digital-to-analog converter also receives a reference voltage reflecting variations of the supply voltage and adjusts its output signal accordingly to provide a deliberately variable analog voltage signal to the line driver.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 2007Date of Patent: July 22, 2008Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Ovidiu Bajdechi, Christopher M. Ward
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Publication number: 20070295203Abstract: An electrochemical sensor for organic molecules such as ethylene includes an electrochemical cell, gas sample inlet means and means for detecting current produced by the oxidation of the organic molecule at the anode of the cell. The sensor is capable of sensing multiple organic molecules in some embodiments. A voltage is applied to the anode of the cell to provide energy to drive the oxidation reaction and produce a corresponding current. The sensor of the invention can be made as a small, hand-held unit that is capable of real-time detection of various organic species.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 30, 2007Publication date: December 27, 2007Inventors: Allroza Shekarriz, W. Lloyd Allen, Daniel James Faulkner, Christopher M. Ward, Debra M. Gilburena
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Publication number: 20070273444Abstract: A line driver for generating 10 BT signals is disclosed. Digital symbols to be transmitted via a 10 BT Ethernet line are converted by a digital-to-analog converter into a corresponding analog voltage signal, which is fed into an active output impedance line driver. The digital-to-analog converter also receives a reference voltage reflecting variations of the supply voltage and adjusts its output signal accordingly to provide a deliberately variable analog voltage signal to the line driver.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 11, 2007Publication date: November 29, 2007Applicant: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Ovidiu Bajdechi, Christopher M. Ward
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Publication number: 20070273442Abstract: A high efficiency class-AB amplifier is disclosed. The amplifier comprises a first input stage and a second input stage, both coupled to a class-AB biasing mesh and an output stage, wherein the outputs of the first and second input stages are directly coupled to the output transistors in the output stage. In one embodiment, a first gate of the first input stage and of the second input stage are coupled together to receive the same input and a second gate of the first input stage and of the second input stage are coupled together to receive the same input. In another embodiment, the first input stage and second input stage may further comprise cascode transistors for coupling the two input stages to the class-AB biasing mesh. In yet another embodiment, a 3V supply is used and 1V transistors are used to improve gain and 3V transistors are used to protect the 1V transistors.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 11, 2007Publication date: November 29, 2007Applicant: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Ovidiu Bajdechi, Christopher M. Ward, Klaas Bult
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Patent number: 7092043Abstract: An integrated receiver with channel selection and image rejection substantially implemented on a single CMOS integrated circuit is described. A receiver front end provides programable attenuation and a programable gain low noise amplifier. Frequency conversion circuitry advantageously uses LC filters integrated onto the substrate in conjunction with image reject mixers to provide sufficient image frequency rejection. Filter tuning and inductor Q compensation over temperature are performed on chip. The filters utilize multi track spiral inductors. The filters are tuned using local oscillators to tune a substitute filter, and frequency scaling during filter component values to those of the filter being tuned. In conjunction with filtering, frequency planning provides additional image rejection. The advantageous choice of local oscillator signal generation methods on chip is by PLL out of band local oscillation and by direct synthesis for in band local oscillator.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 1999Date of Patent: August 15, 2006Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Pieter Vorenkamp, Klaas Bult, Frank Carr, Christopher M. Ward, Ralph Duncan, Tom W. Kwan, James Y. C. Chang, Haideh Khorramabadi
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Patent number: 6963248Abstract: A periodic signal generation circuit includes a differential crystal oscillator suitable for integration on a semiconductor substrate. The oscillator utilizes an external crystal as a resonator. The circuit is designed such that differential sinusoidal signals are present on the resonator leads to provide superior noise rejection of interfering signals. Differential signal transmission is maintained throughout the oscillator to reject noise generated by other circuitry that may be present on the substrate. Noise radiated out from the oscillator through the power supply, substrate, bond wires and pads is reduced due to the generation of differential signals of controlled sinusoidal amplitude and low harmonic content. The oscillator produces low phase noise so that the oscillator may be used in applications, such as TV receivers, that are sensitive to distortion. The circuit is a square wave that has low jitter, thus reducing jitter produced in digital circuits that, would utilize this square wave clock signal.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 2004Date of Patent: November 8, 2005Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Christopher M. Ward, Pieter Vorenkamp
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Publication number: 20040160286Abstract: A periodic signal generation circuit includes a differential crystal oscillator suitable for integration on a semiconductor substrate. The oscillator utilizes an external crystal as a resonator. The circuit is designed such that differential sinusoidal signals are present on the resonator leads to provide superior noise rejection of interfering signals. Differential signal transmission is maintained throughout the oscillator to reject noise generated by other circuitry that may be present on the substrate. Noise radiated out from the oscillator through the power supply, substrate, bond wires and pads is reduced due to the generation of differential signals of controlled sinusoidal amplitude and low harmonic content. The oscillator produces low phase noise so that the oscillator may be used in applications, such as TV receivers, that are sensitive to distortion. The circuit is a square wave that has low jitter, thus reducing jitter produced in digital circuits that, would utilize this square wave clock signal.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 23, 2004Publication date: August 19, 2004Applicant: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Christopher M. Ward, Pieter Vorenkamp
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Patent number: 6696898Abstract: A periodic signal generation circuit includes a differential crystal oscillator suitable for integration on a semiconductor substrate. The oscillator utilizes an external crystal as a resonator. The circuit is designed such that differential sinusoidal signals are present on the resonator leads to provide superior noise rejection of interfering signals. Differential signal transmission is maintained throughout the oscillator to reject noise generated by other circuitry that may be present on the substrate. Noise radiated out from the oscillator through the power supply, substrate, bond wires and pads is reduced due to the generation of differential signals of controlled sinusoidal amplitude and low harmonic content. The oscillator produces low phase noise so that the oscillator may be used in applications, such as TV receivers, that are sensitive to distortion. The circuit is a square wave that has low jitter, thus reducing jitter produced in digital circuits that would utilize this square wave clock signal.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 1999Date of Patent: February 24, 2004Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventors: Christopher M. Ward, Pieter Vorenkamp
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Publication number: 20010007151Abstract: An integrated receiver with channel selection and image rejection substantially implemented on a single CMOS integrated circuit is described. A receiver front end provides programable attenuation and a programable gain low noise amplifier. Frequency conversion circuitry advantageously uses LC filters integrated onto the substrate in conjunction with image reject mixers to provide sufficient image frequency rejection. Filter tuning and inductor Q compensation over temperature are performed on chip. The filters utilize multi track spiral inductors. The filters are tuned using local oscillators to tune a substitute filter, and frequency scaling during filter component values to those of the filter being tuned. In conjunction with filtering, frequency planning provides additional image rejection. The advantageous choice of local oscillator signal generation methods on chip is by PLL out of band local oscillation and by direct synthesis for in band local oscillator.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 12, 1999Publication date: July 5, 2001Inventors: PIETER VORENKAMP, KLAAS BULT, FRANK CARR, CHRISTOPHER M. WARD, RALPH DUNCAN, TOM W. KWAN, JAMES Y.C. CHANG, HAIDEH KHORRAMABADI
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Patent number: 4338953Abstract: Apparatus for use in estimating the volume of a human breast includes a cup which substantially covers the breast and is lined with a flexible membrane, the membrane defining a space within the cup and the space being coupled to a fluid container having means to vary the volume of fluid within the container, and for indicating changes in the volume of fluid within the container, whereby variations in volume of fluid in the said space result in corresponding variations in volume of fluid within the container.Type: GrantFiled: December 24, 1980Date of Patent: July 13, 1982Inventor: Christopher M. Ward