Abstract: A magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generation system for powering an electrical system of a spacecraft using space plasma. The system includes an MHD generator and a power control unit. The MHD generator includes an MHD channel and a plasma scoop in fluid communication with the MHD channel. The MHD channel includes a channel oriented in a first direction, magnets operable to provide a magnetic field inside the channel in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and electrodes disposed inside the channel within the magnetic field in a third direction orthogonal to the first and second directions. The plasma scoop may be formed by a funnel fitted over the outer periphery of a plasma guide and is operable to direct a flow of space plasma into the channel to pass orthogonally through the magnetic field, generating electrical power output through the electrodes.

Abstract: This proposed system provides a method to generate electrical power for space-based orbiting satellites, probes, stations, habitations, and interplanetary missions. Electricity is generated by collecting the flow of ionized plasma in the solar system for low earth applications and in the solar wind beyond the earth's magnetosphere, then directing the plasma through a channel using the principle of magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD). The channel has conducting electrodes on two sides and a magnetic field directed orthogonally to the plasma flow direction. This results in an electrical current to power spacecraft functions such as batteries, communications, propulsion, guidance, navigation and control. This MHD generator has the potential of providing higher power generation density (e.g., watts/kg) for spacecraft than photo-voltaic panels.