Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for tracking all chemicals, including odors, a package is exposed to throughout the shipping process. A device is attached to the package or placed within the package to extract the chemicals that are in the surrounding environment to the device. The device can extract and concentrate volatile, semi-volatile and non-volatile chemicals that the device and the corresponding package are exposed to throughout the shipping process. The extracted chemicals may then be desorbed from the device and analyzed by an analytical instrumentation method.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for tracking all chemicals, including odors, a package is exposed to throughout the shipping process. A device is attached to the package or placed within the package to extract the chemicals that are in the surrounding environment to the device. The device can extract and concentrate volatile, semi-volatile and non-volatile chemicals that the device and the corresponding package are exposed to throughout the shipping process. The extracted chemicals may then be desorbed from the device and analyzed by an analytical instrumentation method.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for tracking all chemicals, including odors, a package is exposed to throughout the shipping process. A device is attached to the package or placed within the package to extract the chemicals that are in the surrounding environment to the device. The device can extract and concentrate volatile, semi-volatile and non-volatile chemicals that the device and the corresponding package are exposed to throughout the shipping process. The extracted chemicals may then be desorbed from the device and analyzed by an analytical instrumentation method.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously manufacturing organometallic compounds is provided where the apparatus has a source of a first reactant stream wherein the first reactant comprises a metal; a source of a second reactant stream; a laminar flow contacting zone for cocurrently contacting the first reactant stream and the second reactant stream; a mixing zone comprising a turbulence-promoting device; and a heat transfer zone.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously manufacturing organometallic compounds is provided where the apparatus has a source of a first reactant stream wherein the first reactant comprises a metal; a source of a second reactant stream; a laminar flow contacting zone for cocurrently contacting the first reactant stream and the second reactant stream; a mixing zone comprising a turbulence-promoting device; and a heat transfer zone.

Abstract: A method of continuously manufacturing organometallic compounds is provided where two or more reactants are conveyed to a reactor having a laminar flow contacting zone, a heat transfer zone, and a mixing zone having a turbulence-promoting device; and causing the reactants to form the organometallic compound.

Abstract: The invention is an adhesive composition comprising: a) an isocyanate functional polyether base prepolymers having a z molecular weight average (Mz) of about 10,000 to about 80,000 g/mole; a carbon black having an average oil absorption number of at least about 80 to at most about 400 cubic centimeters of dibutyl phthalate per 100 grams of the carbon black; (c) reactive silicon in an amount from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight of the adhesive composition; and (d) one or more catalysts for the reaction of isocyanate with hydroxyl groups. The adhesive compositions of the invention surprisingly may have improved sag performance (i.e., decreased sag) when heated, while also making them more easily pumped.

Abstract: A method of continuously manufacturing organometallic compounds is provided where two or more reactants are conveyed to a reactor having a laminar flow contacting zone, a heat transfer zone, and a mixing zone having a turbulence-promoting device; and causing the reactants to form the organometallic compound.

Abstract: A gas mixer (10) for mixing a first gas stream with a second gas stream includes an impact labyrinth (24) in the first gas stream having structures (25), e.g., corrugated walls, forming a tortuous path through which the first gas stream must pass en route to a mixing point (20) in the gas mixer. The labyrinth fosters ignition of particles entrained in the first gas stream. Elongate, straight pipes (30) receive the first gas stream from the impact labyrinth (24) and carrying the first gas stream to the mixing point (20) the pipes (30) are positioned with a vessel (12) carrying the second gas stream. The pipes (30) have openings which are substantially aligned with the flow direction of the second gas stream at the mixing point (20) thereby introducing the first gas stream into the second gas stream in a low shear manner.

Abstract: A method of mixing an oxygen gas with a hydrocarbon-containing gas includes the steps of wet scrubbing the oxygen gas in a wet scrubber, supplying oxygen gas from the wet scrubber to a gas mixer and mixing the oxygen gas with the hydrocarbon-containing gas in the gas mixer. Wet scrubbers for use in the method may take various forms, including packed-tower, bubble cap, and sparger-type wet scrubbers. The removal of the particulate matter reduces the risk of ignition of the hydrocarbon-containing gas in the gas mixer. The use of a wet scrubber in the oxygen supply line overcomes many problems currently faced with screen and filters, as per current practice.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon-containing gas is mixed with an oxygen-containing gas in a gas mixer in the presence of a water mist. The water mist surrounds and contacts entrained particles in either the oxygen-containing gas stream or the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream. The water acts to suppress and prevent ignition of the hydrocarbon gas in the mixer by serving as a sink for heat created by energetic collisions between such particles and structures within the gas mixer. The water mist also acts to quench ignition caused by such collisions. The water mist can be introduced into the gas mixer in a number of different configurations, including via nozzles injecting a mist into a hydrocarbon gas manifold or an oxygen gas manifold, nozzles placed within the gas mixer adjacent to ends of the oxygen supply pipes, and nozzles placed coaxially within the oxygen supply pipes in the gas mixer.

Abstract: A gas mixer is disclosed which includes a vessel (10) (e.g., pipe) containing a stream (12) of a first hydrocarbon-containing gas. The mixer includes a hollow pipe (14) located internal to the vessel containing a stream of a second gas, e.g., an oxygen-containing gas stream such as a stream of pure oxygen gas or air enriched with oxygen. The internal pipe further includes a mixer tip (30) at the peripheral end thereof. The mixer tip includes a body having an internal passage for conducting the second gas out of the pipe and an opening introducing the second gas stream into the first gas stream in a radial plane at an acute angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. The pipe further includes a deflector (20) on its external surface in longitudinal alignment with the opening of the mixer tip. The deflector serves to deflect any entrained particles within the first gas stream away from the mixing zone where the two streams mix, minimizing the risk of ignition of the hydrocarbon-containing gas.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for reducing organic content of brine comprising subjecting a brine solution to at least two purification treatments selected from electrochemical treatment, chlorinolysis, or other chemical oxidation treatment, carbon adsorption, extraction, biological treatment and chrystallizing treatment; wherein the organic content of purified brine is sufficiently low to enable sense of the purified brine in an industrial process.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon-containing gas is mixed with an oxygen gas in a gas mixer in the presence of coarse water droplet environment, e.g., a ‘rainy’ or ‘driving rainstorm’ environment in which the water droplets generally have a size greater than 200 microns SMD. The water droplets surround and contact entrained particles in either the oxygen gas stream or the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream. The water acts to suppress, prevent and quench ignition of the hydrocarbon gas in the mixer which would otherwise be caused by energetic collisions between such particles and structures within the gas mixer. In one configuration the gas mixer includes water pipes having coarse water droplet-producing nozzles at the peripheral end thereof concentrically located within oxygen supply pipes. Additionally, nozzles introduce coarse water droplets into a pipe carrying the hydrocarbon gas and forming a mixing chamber for the hydrocarbon and oxygen gases.

Abstract: The invention is an adhesive composition comprising: a) an isocyanate functional polyether base prepolymers having a z molecular weight average (Mz) of about 10,000 to about 80,000 g/mole; a carbon black having an average oil absorption number of at least about 80 to at most about 400 cubic centimeters of dibutyl phthalate per 100 grams of the carbon black; (c) reactive silicon in an amount from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight of the adhesive composition; and (d) one or more catalysts for the reaction of isocyanate with hydroxyl groups. The adhesive compositions of the invention surprisingly may have improved sag performance (i.e., decreased sag) when heated, while also making them more easily pumped.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide an article comprising a photovoltaic device structure and a barrier layer comprising mica on the photovoltaic device structure. The barrier layer is flexible and light transmissive.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improvement to a polyether preparation process that includes a coalescing step. Amine-initiated polyethers prepared using a mixed alkylene oxide feed tend to coalesce significantly more slowly than glycerin-initiated polyethers, particularly in processes that include a holding step and/or elevated temperature following an initial alkoxylation to form a pre-polymer. This improvement is to perform a remedial end-capping of the pre-polymer, which may include amine degradation products, using an alkylene oxide which contains at least (3) carbons, prior to the molecular weight-building alkoxylation with the mixed alkylene oxide feed. The rate and performance of coalescing thereafter may be substantially enhanced.

Abstract: A gas mixer (10) for mixing a first gas stream with a second gas stream includes an impact labyrinth (24) in the first gas stream having structures (25), e.g., corrugated walls, forming a tortuous path through which the first gas stream must pass en route to a mixing point (20) in the gas mixer. The labyrinth fosters ignition of particles entrained in the first gas stream. Elongate, straight pipes (30) receive the first gas stream from the impact labyrinth (24) and carrying the first gas stream to the mixing point (20) the pipes (30) are positioned with a vessel (12) carrying the second gas stream. The pipes (30) have openings which are substantially aligned with the flow direction of the second gas stream at the mixing point (20) thereby introducing the first gas stream into the second gas stream in a low shear manner.

Abstract: A method of mixing an oxygen gas with a hydrocarbon-containing gas includes the steps of wet scrubbing the oxygen gas in a wet scrubber, supplying oxygen gas from the wet scrubber to a gas mixer and mixing the oxygen gas with the hydrocarbon-containing gas in the gas mixer. Wet scrubbers for use in the method may take various forms, including packed-tower, bubble cap, and sparger-type wet scrubbers. The removal of the particulate matter reduces the risk of ignition of the hydrocarbon-containing gas in the gas mixer. The use of a wet scrubber in the oxygen supply line overcomes many problems currently faced with screen and filters, as per current practice.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon-containing gas is mixed with an oxygen gas in a gas mixer in the presence of coarse water droplet environment, e.g., a ‘rainy’ or ‘driving rainstorm’ environment in which the water droplets generally have a size greater than 200 microns SMD. The water droplets surround and contact entrained particles in either the oxygen gas stream or the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream. The water acts to suppress, prevent and quench ignition of the hydrocarbon gas in the mixer which would otherwise be caused by energetic collisions between such particles and structures within the gas mixer. In one configuration the gas mixer includes water pipes having coarse water droplet-producing nozzles at the peripheral end thereof concentrically located within oxygen supply pipes. Additionally, nozzles introduce coarse water droplets into a pipe carrying the hydrocarbon gas and forming a mixing chamber for the hydrocarbon and oxygen gases.