Abstract: A method of determining the identity of a petroleum coke sample including obtaining a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement of the sample, determining a relaxation decay value of a fluid in the sample from the NMR measurement, comparing the relaxation decay value to relaxation decay values of known petroleum coke materials in a reference group to determine whether the petroleum coke is one of the known materials.

Abstract: The morphology of petroleum cokes produced by the delayed coking of feeds produced from extra-heavy crude sources such as those from the Venezuela Orinoco Heavy Oil Belt can be controlled to produce a less dense coke which is less likely to inflame in the coke pit or in subsequent handling. An aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate salt when added to a feed of this type which would normally produce a dense coke product is effective to produce a quenchable coke product of lower density and higher porosity, usually in compact, granular form permitting it to be readily discharged from the drum.

Abstract: Petroleum cokes derived from extra-heavy crude sources can be made more amenable to quenching by adding water or a water/light oil mixture to the coker feed downstream of the furnace. The coke product resulting from this addition of normally volatile liquids to the hot coker feed is still relatively dense but is more friable and usually is in a compact, relatively free-flowing, granular form. The coke is more amenable to uniform quenching in the drum and so can be cut and discharged with a reduced risk of eruptions and a reduced risk of fires in the coke pit or when the coke is subsequently handled and transported.

Abstract: An improved fluidized coking process wherein an effective amount of a basic material, preferably an alkali or alkaline-earth metal-containing compound, is added to the coking zone to mitigate agglomeration of the coke during the coking of a heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to produce lower boiling products.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermal conversion process for continuously producing hydrocarbon vapor and continuously removing a free-flowing coke. The coke, such as a shot coke, can be withdrawn continuously via, e.g., a staged lock hopper system.

Abstract: The morphology of petroleum cokes produced by the delayed coking of feeds produced from extra-heavy crude sources such as those from the Venezuela Orinoco Heavy Oil Belt can be controlled to produce a less dense coke which is less likely to inflame in the coke pit or in subsequent handling. An aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate salt when added to a feed of this type which would normally produce a dense coke product is effective to produce a quenchable coke product of lower density and higher porosity, usually in compact, granular form permitting it to be readily discharged from the drum.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and mechanisms for laterally dispensing fluid to a coke drum in a predictable and maintainable manner that alleviates thermal stress. In one embodiment, the methods and mechanisms utilize a split piping system to dispense fluid through two or more inlets into a spool that is connected to a coke drum and a coke drum bottom deheader valve. A combination of block valves and clean out ports provides a more effective means to clean the lines and allows fluid to be laterally dispensed in a controllable and predictable manner. The fluid is preferably introduced to the spool in opposing directions toward a central vertical axis of the spool at equal but opposing angles ranging from minus thirty (?30) to thirty (30) degrees relative to a horizontal line laterally bisecting the spool. Alternatively, however, fluid can be introduced to the spool tangentially.

Abstract: A method for producing and removing coke which has bulk morphology such that at least about 30 volume percent is free-flowing under the force of gravity or hydrostatic forces from a delayed coker drum. At the completion of the fill cycle, the coker drum, filled with hot coke, is cooled by steaming and then flooding it with water, thereby producing a coke/water mixture. The coke/water mixture is released from the coke drum through one or more drum closure/discharge throttling systems near the bottom of the coker drum.

Abstract: A delayed coking process for making substantially free-flowing coke, preferably shot coke. A coker feedstock, such as a vacuum residuum, is heated in a heating zone to coking temperatures then conducted to a coking zone wherein volatiles are collected overhead and coke is formed. A low molecular weight additive is added to the feedstock prior to it being heated in the heating zone, prior to its being conducted to the coking zone, or both.

Abstract: A method for upgrading heavy oils by contacting the heavy oil with an inhibitor additive and then thermally treating the inhibitor additized heavy oil. The invention also relates to the upgraded product from the inhibitor enhanced thermal treatment process.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and mechanisms for laterally dispensing fluid to a coke drum in a predictable and maintainable manner that alleviates thermal stress. In one embodiment, the methods and mechanisms utilize a split piping system to dispense fluid through two or more inlets into a spool that is connected to a coke drum and a coke drum bottom deheader valve. A combination of block valves and clean out ports provides a more effective means to clean the lines and allows fluid to be laterally dispensed in a controllable and predictable manner. The fluid is preferably introduced to the spool in opposing directions toward a central vertical axis of the spool at equal but opposing angles ranging from minus thirty (?30) to thirty (30) degrees relative to a horizontal line laterally bisecting the spool. Alternatively, however, fluid can be introduced to the spool tangentially.

Abstract: An improved fluidized coking process wherein an effective amount of a basic material, preferably an alkali or alkaline-earth metal-containing compound, is added to the coking zone to mitigate agglomeration of the coke during the coking of a heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to produce lower boiling products.

Abstract: A method of blending delayed coker feedstocks to produce a coke that is easier to remove from a coker drum. A first feedstock is selected having less than about 250 wppm dispersed metals content and greater than about 5.24 API gravity. A second delayed coker feedstock is blended with said first resid feedstock so that the total dispersed metals content of the blend will be greater than about 250 wppm and the API gravity will be less than about 5.24.

Abstract: A delayed coking process for making substantially free-flowing shot coke. A coker feedstock, such as a vacuum residuum, is treated with an additive, such as a elemental sulfur, high surface area substantially metals-free solids, process fines, a mineral acid anhydride and the like. The treated feedstock is then heated to coking temperatures and passed to a coker drum for a time sufficient to allow volatiles to evolve and to produce a substantially free-flowing shot coke.

Abstract: A delayed coking process for making substantially free-flowing coke, preferably shot coke. A coker feedstock, such as a vacuum residuum, is heated in a heating zone to coking temperatures then conducted to a coking zone wherein volatiles are collected overhead and coke is formed. A metals-containing additive is added to the feedstock prior to it being heated in the heating zone, prior to its being conducted to the coking zone, or both.

Abstract: A delayed coking process for making substantially free-flowing coke, preferably to coking temperatures then conducted to a coking zone wherein volatiles are collected overhead and coke is formed. A metals-containing additive is added to the feedstock prior to it being heated in the heating zone, prior to its being conducted to the coking zone, or both.

Abstract: A delayed coking process for making substantially free-flowing shot coke. A coker feedstock, such as a vacuum residuum, is treated with an additive, such as a elemental sulfur, high surface area substantially metals-free solids, process fines, a mineral acid anhydride and the like. The treated feedstock is then heated to coking temperatures and passed to a coker drum for a time sufficient to allow volatiles to evolve and to produce a substantially free-flowing shot coke.

Abstract: A process for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons. The process involves heating gas oil while under pressure, and maintaining the gas oil at temperature and pressure to break the substantially aliphatic chains from the gas oil core structure of two or more aromatic rings, as well as to break the aliphatic chains to smaller molecules. The process yields products which include lighter aliphatic material, as well as aromatic hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process for the removal of nitrogen-containing compounds from a hydrocarbon blend using a solvent with a liquid-phase density at 25.degree. C. not less than 0.90 g/cm.sup.3, and a Hansen polar solubility parameter .delta..sub.P, and a Hansen hydrogen bonding parameter .delta..sub.H, such that at 25.degree. C.9.0(Cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2 <(.delta..sub.P +.delta..sub.H)<28.0(Cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2.The process is useful for purifying feedstocks to catalytic conversion processes, particularly etherification processes used in the production of ether-rich additives for gasoline.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for upgrading a hydrocarbonaceous material to a product having a lower boiling point than the initial boiling point of said hydrocarbonaceous material and/or a higher boiling point than the final boiling point of said hydrocarbonaceous material, the process comprising heating a feed composition comprising said hydrocarbonaceous material in an enclosed space in the absence of externally supplied water or hydrogen at a temperature in the range of about 750.degree. F. to about 1300.degree. F. and a pressure sufficient to maintain the specific gravity of the contents of said enclosed space in the range of about 0.05 to about 1.5 for an effective period of time to yield said product, said feed composition being characterized by the absence of aromatic compounds with boiling points at atmospheric pressure below about 350.degree. F.