Abstract: A method for determining a tire tread wear estimation of a tire includes receiving, by a controller, a direct tire tread wear measurement, when available, performing an indirect tire tread wear estimation, performing a data fusion of the indirect tire tread wear estimation with the direct tire tread wear measurement when available, estimating a percentage tire life remaining and a mileage to end of tire life, and estimating a refined tire tread wear calibration coefficient for performing future indirect tire tread wear estimations.

Abstract: The subject matter described in this specification is directed to systems and methods for dissipating heat from electronic components supporting autonomous vehicle systems. In particular, the specification describes how the electronic components can be positioned in a duct through which conditioned cabin air can be drawn to convectively dissipate heat from the electronic components.

Abstract: The subject matter described in this specification is directed to systems and methods for dissipating heat from sensors supporting autonomous vehicle systems. In particular, the specification describes how a housing, enclosing a sensor mounted to an exterior of a vehicle, can include heat dissipation components such as cooling fins across which conditioned cabin air and/or ambient air can be driven to convectively dissipate heat generated by the sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic element comprising a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith one or more dye-forming couplers and a stabilizer compound of formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from hydrogen or an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy or amino group or may combine to complete a 5-10 membered heterocyclic ring which may contain in addition to the silicon atom one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, which ring is unsubstituted or substituted; each Z independently represents the atoms necessary to complete a substituted or unsubstituted arene or heteroaromatic ring system; X is a single bond or a linking group having a single atom which connects the arene rings or heteroaromatic ring systems; or X forms, together with substituents ortho to X on the arene rings or heteroaromatic ring systems, a fused unsubstituted or substituted 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring, which may cont

Abstract: This invention relates to a biocide material to inhibit the growth of micro-organisms in an aqueous solution, a device comprising such a material, and a method of preparation of such a polymeric material. The biocide material of the invention comprises a water-insoluble polymeric support on which a biocide is immobilized, the water content of the material being between 30 and 60% by weight of the material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photographic element comprising a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith one or more dye-forming couplers and a stabilizer compound of formula (I): 1

Abstract: A biocidal material comprises a biocide immobilized on a support characterized in that the biocide has a log P value of at least 1.5, the support has a hydrophobic surface and the biocide is immobilized on the hydrophobic surface by a hydrophobic exclusion mechanism. The material can be used for inhibiting bacterial growth in an aqueous medium e.g. the wash water of a photoprocessing system. The material can be housed in a flow-through container.

Abstract: A method of preparing a biocidal material comprises taking a biocidal material comprising a biocide having a log P value of at least 1.5 immobilized by hydrophobic exclusion on a support having a hydrophobic surface which has been used for inhibiting microbial growth in an aqueous medium, extracting the biocide from the biocidal material with a solvent, and immobilizing the extracted biocide by hydrophobic exclusion on a support having a hydrophobic surface.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting the growth of microorganisms in an aqueous medium comprises contacting the aqueous medium with a permeable body comprising material which interacts with the microorganisms. Such interaction involves a change in the chemical structure of the material resulting from the action of one or more of the microorganisms. The permeable body may take the form of a permeable bag containing plant fibers and may be used for the treatment of photoprocessor wash waters.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting microbial growth in wash water contained in a photoprocessing system. The method comprises placing in the wash water an apparatus comprising a pump with an attached permeable container and an inlet and outlet means for the wash water. The permeable container includes a biocide immobilized on a support. The wash water as it is pumped through the pump passes through the container and makes contact with the immobilized biocide in order to inhibit microbial growth in the wash water. The apparatus is self-contained and may be placed in a reservoir of an aqueous medium to be treated.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting microbial growth in an aqueous medium comprising contacting the aqueous medium with a biocidal material comprising a biocide having a log P value of at least 1.5 immobilized by hydrophobic exclusion on a support having a hydrophobic surface, characterized in that contact is made in the presence of a potentiating agent for the biocide.

Abstract: An optical chemical sensor comprises an optical waveguide having a light transmitting substrate and a coating of an environmentally sensitive compound in a Zr/Si sol-gel glass binder on the substrate. The sensor is suitable for use in high pH environments. The environmentally sensitive compound may be a chemically sensitive dye e.g. a pH indicator dye.

Abstract: Ion-sensitive compounds have the formula A.sup.2+ B.sup.2- wherein A represents a cation capable of forming a receptor-substrate complex with an anion, and B represents one or more counter anions, the cation being an anion receptor of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 taken together with the atoms separating them represent the atoms necessary to complete a (2)-cryptand; and,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently H or a lower alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 taken together represent an ethylene bridging group.The compounds may be used for sensing anions.

Abstract: An ion sensitive compound has the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, an alkylamido group, an arylamido group, an alkylsulfonamido group, an arylsulfonamido group or a nitro group;R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group;X is Fe or Co.sup.+ ;Y is a counter anion; and,n is 0 or 1.Such compounds can be used for sensing anions.

Abstract: Ion-sensitive compounds are provided comprising a quaternary polypyridinium receptor designed to bind anionic species by the formation of a receptor-substrate complex. The receptor comprises one or more quaternary 2,2'-bipyridyl moieties. The compounds are of use in applications requiring anion detection or removal.

Abstract: The invention comprises a novel composition containing, and an organic electroluminescent device employing, an aluminum chelate of the formula:[(Q).sub.3-n Al].sub.x L.sub.nwhereinn is 1 and x is 1 or 2, orn is 2 and x is 1; and,Q is a substituted 8-quinolinolato group in which the 2-position substituent is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, amino, aryloxy and alkoxy groups;L is a ligand, each L ligand being individually selected from (a) the group consisting of --R, --Ar, --OR, --ORAr, --OAr, --OC(O)R, --OC(O)Ar, --OP(O)R.sub.2, --OP(O)Ar.sub.2, --OS(O.sub.2)R, --OS(O.sub.2)Ar, --SAr, --SeAr, --TeAr, --OSiR.sub.3, --OSiAr.sub.3, --OB(OR).sub.2, --OB(OAr).sub.

Abstract: Cyclodextrin catenanes capable of forming inclusion complexes and a method of preparing them are disclosed. The catenanes comprise one or two per-2,6- di-O-alkyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin macrocycles wherein each per-2,6-di-O-alkyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin macrocycle is interpenetrated by another macrocycle. Such modified cyclodextrins may be used for the electrochemical and optical sensing of small organic molecules, especially small aromatic molecules.

Abstract: An electrochemical device for providing a visual indication of the remaining life of a battery, the device comprising an electrode pair with a layer therebetween, the layer comprising a mixture of a photographic color coupler dispersion, an antioxidant and a photographic color developer in a binder.

Abstract: A dual fuel injection arrangement for an internal combustion engine. Fuel is injected into the inlet manifold ducts to each engine cylinder via injectors. An arrangement of valves allows selected supply of either a first fuel or a second fuel to the injectors via inlet fuel rail and branch lines. Excess fuel is returned to each supply by way of return line (11). Electronic control units determine injection timing for the selected fuel dependent upon engine parameters for the first fuel and upon an adjusted timing for the second fuel where the adjustment takes account of the different characteristics of the second fuel compared with the first fuel. In particular there is disclosed an arrangement where the first fuel is gasoline and the second fuel is a liquified gas.