Abstract: Provided herein is a method for diagnosing brain cancer. The method can include applying a focused ultrasound to a brain or brain region of a patient, obtaining a biological sample from the patient, measuring one or more diagnostic fragmentomic features of cfDNA in the biological sample, comparing the one or more diagnostic fragmentomic features to one or more thresholds, and diagnosing the patient with brain cancer when the one or more diagnostic fragmentomic features exceed the one or more thresholds. The focused ultrasound can be operable to disrupt a blood brain barrier of the patient and release cfDNA across the blood brain barrier of the patient. The biological sample can include the cfDNA released across the blood brain barrier.

Abstract: Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of a noninvasive and localized brain liquid biopsy using focused ultrasound. Briefly, therefore, the present disclosure is directed to methods and systems to identify brain lesion or tumor characteristics without the need for a solid brain biopsy.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for controlling the operation of a focused ultrasound blood-brain barrier opening (FUS-BBBO) device using an individualized closed-loop feedback control method are disclosed. Devices, systems, and methods for performing transcranial cavitation localization using a time difference of arrival method combined with signal processing using differential cavitation are also disclosed. Methods for performing a liquid biopsy to diagnose a brain disorder using a FUS-BBBO method to enhance the release of biomarkers from the brain into CSF and blood are also disclosed.

Abstract: Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of a noninvasive and localized brain liquid biopsy using focused ultrasound. Briefly, therefore, the present disclosure is directed to methods and systems to identify brain lesion or tumor characteristics without the need for a solid brain biopsy.