Abstract: Embodiments are directed to tiered data store with persistent layers. A write tier in the file system for storing in a file system. A value for a performance metric that corresponds to write requests to the file system may be predicted based on characteristics of the write requests such that the performance metric may be determined based on a plurality of interactions with the write tier. The predicted value that exceeds a threshold value of the performance metric may be employed to cause performance of further actions, including: queuing a portion of the write requests in a memory buffer based on the predicted value and the threshold value; combining the queued portion of the write requests into s; storing the data segments in the write tier such that a measured value of the performance metric may be less than the threshold value.

Abstract: An apparatus to preserve a first fluid of a medicine vial is provided. The apparatus may include a vial coupling member comprising a housing and a flexible membrane. The housing and the flexible membrane form a vial coupling member cavity within the vial coupling member. The apparatus may also include a first fluid pathway forming a first lumen that is in fluid communication with the vial coupling member cavity. The apparatus may further include a second fluid pathway forming a second lumen that is in fluid communication with the vial coupling member cavity. When the flexible membrane engages the medicine vial, the flexible membrane forms a sealed environment over a medicine vial septum. When the flexible membrane engages the medicine vial, the flexible membrane permits the first lumen and the second lumen to establish fluid communication with an interior space of the medicine vial.

Abstract: In an approach for identifying troubled contracts using a health score, a processor receives a contract. A processor identifies a list of requirements of the contract using a first Natural Language Processing technique. A processor trains a model to recognize the list of requirements of the contract. A processor receives at least one deliverable document associated with the contract. A processor applies a plurality of health metrics to the at least one deliverable document associated with the contract to identify evidence of completion of each requirement of the list of requirements of the contract. A processor outputs the health score for each requirement of the list of requirements of the contract.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for converting a plurality of factoid answers into a plurality of structured relations for storage in a structured knowledge base is provided. The present invention may include receiving a query from a user. The present invention may also include generating a plurality of possible factoid answers. The present invention may then include determining a plurality of confidence scores for the plurality of possible factoid answers. The present invention may then include generating a plurality of certain factoid answers from the plurality of possible factoid answers. The present invention may then include identifying a plurality of special target items. The present invention may further include generating a plurality of structured relations for each certain factoid answer and the identified plurality of special target items. The present include may also include storing the generated plurality of structured relations into the structured knowledge base.

Abstract: A method, system and computer-usable medium are disclosed for automated analysis of ground truth using confidence model to prioritize correction options. In certain embodiments, the ground truth data is analyzed to identify review-candidates. A confidence level may be assigned to each of the identified review-candidates and the review-candidates are prioritized, at least in part, using the assigned confidence levels. The review-candidates are electronically presented in prioritized order to solicit verification or correction feedback for updating the ground truth data.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to an intelligent computer platform to create a document specific error correction model for amending OCR values. An image of a document is received and OCR is applied to the received image. Text is extracted from at least one static content field and the extracted text is compared to stored text from known static content. Responsive to a deviation identified in the comparison, a document specific error correction model is created and leveraged to correct OCR output. The model generates one or more variants for the dynamic content field associated with the static content field having the identified deviation. The generated variant(s) is subject to processing and one of the variants is selected as amended document content. A new document version is created from the amendment, the new document version including corrected OCR output.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to an intelligent computer platform to create a document specific error correction model for amending OCR values. An image of a document is received and OCR is applied to the received image. Text is extracted from at least one static content field and the extracted text is compared to stored text from known static content. Responsive to a deviation identified in the comparison, a document specific error correction model is created and leveraged to correct OCR output. The model generates one or more variants for the dynamic content field associated with the static content field having the identified deviation. The generated variant(s) is subject to processing and one of the variants is selected as amended document content. A new document version is created from the amendment, the new document version including corrected OCR output.

Abstract: Embodiments for finding elements in optical character recognition (OCR) documents are provided. An indication of a selected portion of document is received. Salient pixels in the selected portion of the document are determined. Properties of the salient pixels in the selected portion of the document are identified. The properties of the salient pixels in the selected portion of the document are compared to properties of pixels in each of a plurality of portions of an OCR-converted version of the document. A cognitive analysis is utilized to select at least some of the plurality of portions of the OCR-converted version of the document as suspected matches to the selected portion of the document.

Abstract: Embodiments for finding elements in optical character recognition (OCR) documents are provided. An indication of a selected portion of document is received. Salient pixels in the selected portion of the document are determined. Properties of the salient pixels in the selected portion of the document are identified. The properties of the salient pixels in the selected portion of the document are compared to properties of pixels in each of a plurality of portions of an OCR-converted version of the document. A cognitive analysis is utilized to select at least some of the plurality of portions of the OCR-converted version of the document as suspected matches to the selected portion of the document.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a memory and a processor configured for semi-autonomous natural language processing domain adaptation related activities. The processor coupled to the memory and configured to identify a corpus of documents of an evaluation domain and generate a first lexicon based on the corpus of documents of the evaluation domain, and determine a threshold that indicates a sufficiency of domain adaptation of the evaluation domain based at least in part on the first lexicon. The processor is further configured to identify a corpus of documents of a client domain, generate a second lexicon based on the corpus of documents of the client domain, determine a metric associated with the corpus of documents of the client domain and the second lexicon, and determine that domain adaptation of the client domain is complete when the metric exceeds the threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus to preserve a first fluid of a medicine vial is provided. The apparatus may include a vial coupling member comprising a housing and a flexible membrane. The housing and the flexible membrane form a vial coupling member cavity within the vial coupling member. The apparatus may also include a first fluid pathway forming a first lumen that is in fluid communication with the vial coupling member cavity. The apparatus may further include a second fluid pathway forming a second lumen that is in fluid communication with the vial coupling member cavity. When the flexible membrane engages the medicine vial, the flexible membrane forms a sealed environment over a medicine vial septum. When the flexible membrane engages the medicine vial, the flexible membrane permits the first lumen and the second lumen to establish fluid communication with an interior space of the medicine vial.

Abstract: An apparatus to preserve liquid from a medicine vial may include a vial coupling member forming a vial coupling member cavity and a container forming a cavity. The apparatus may further include a first fluid pathway forming a first lumen that is in fluid communication with the vial coupling member cavity and the cavity and a second fluid pathway forming a second lumen that is in fluid communication with the vial coupling member cavity and the cavity. The vial coupling member cavity, the cavity, the first lumen, and the second lumen may form a sterile environment that is sealed from contaminants in an ambient environment. The apparatus may include a disengaging member configured to permit the container to disengage from the first fluid pathway and the second fluid pathway while permanently sealing at least one of the first lumen or the second lumen.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided in a data processing system for identifying nonsense passages. An annotator in a natural language processing pipeline configured to execute in the data processing system annotates an input passage in a corpus with linguistic features to form an annotated passage. A domain-specific policy is associated with a domain of the corpus. A metric counters component in the natural language processing pipeline counts a number of instances of each type of linguistic feature in the annotated passage to form a set of feature counts. The metric counters component of the natural language processing pipeline determines a value for a metric based on the set of feature counts. The metric is specified in the domain-specific policy. A comparator component of the natural language processing pipeline compares the value for the metric to a predetermined model threshold. The threshold is specified in the domain-specific policy.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to a watched questions threshold filtering system that functions to determine and deliver to a user relevant and significant data changes with respect to a user's goals, as defined by a notification threshold value provided by the user. The user is provided with an option to flag one or more queries for automatic re-querying. Confidence scores are processed on new data (i.e., data ingested after the original question was asked) by utilizing a confidence threshold for indicating if the new data warrants alerting a user.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for leveraging coherent question sequences is provided. The present invention may include receiving an initiating question. The present invention may include receiving a subsequent question. The present invention may include determining that the received subsequent question is not a rephrasing of the received initiating question. The present invention may also include determining that the received subsequent question is not beginning a new question topic based on determining that the received subsequent question is not a rephrasing of the received initiating question. The present invention may then include propagating a conversational context based on determining that that received subsequent question is not beginning a new question topic. The present invention may include generating and scoring an answer based on the propagated conversational context. The present invention may lastly include outputting the answer.

Abstract: A method, system and computer-usable medium are disclosed for automated analysis of ground truth using confidence model to prioritize correction options. In certain embodiments, the ground truth data is analyzed to identify review-candidates. A confidence level may be assigned to each of the identified review-candidates and the review-candidates are prioritized, at least in part, using the assigned confidence levels. The review-candidates are electronically presented in prioritized order to solicit verification or correction feedback for updating the ground truth data.

Abstract: A grammatically diverse test set of natural language sentences for a deep question answering system is provided by analyzing a given sentence to characterize its syntactical classification, and adding the sentence to the test set if its classification is sufficiently different from other sentences already in the test set. A particular sentence may be selected for inclusion according to a desired syntactic distribution. Multiple sentences having the exact same classification may be allowed subject to a maximum number of such sentences. The test set is adapted to an element of interest by characterizing each syntactical classification relative to the element of interest. The analysis derives a parse tree, identifies a particular node of the tree corresponding to the element of interest, and extracts syntactic information by traversing the tree starting at the particular node and ending at the root node of the tree according to different traversal schemes.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a memory and a processor configured for semi-autonomous natural language processing domain adaptation related activities. The processor coupled to the memory and configured to identify a corpus of documents of an evaluation domain and generate a first lexicon based on the corpus of documents of the evaluation domain, and determine a threshold that indicates a sufficiency of domain adaptation of the evaluation domain based at least in part on the first lexicon. The processor is further configured to identify a corpus of documents of a client domain, generate a second lexicon based on the corpus of documents of the client domain, determine a metric associated with the corpus of documents of the client domain and the second lexicon, and determine that domain adaptation of the client domain is complete when the metric exceeds the threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a memory and a processor configured for semi-autonomous natural language processing domain adaptation related activities. The processor coupled to the memory and configured to identify a corpus of documents of an evaluation domain and generate a first lexicon based on the corpus of documents of the evaluation domain, and determine a threshold that indicates a sufficiency of domain adaptation of the evaluation domain based at least in part on the first lexicon. The processor is further configured to identify a corpus of documents of a client domain, generate a second lexicon based on the corpus of documents of the client domain, determine a metric associated with the corpus of documents of the client domain and the second lexicon, and determine that domain adaptation of the client domain is complete when the metric exceeds the threshold.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for leveraging coherent question sequences is provided. The present invention may include receiving an initiating question. The present invention may include receiving a subsequent question. The present invention may include determining that the received subsequent question is not a rephrasing of the received initiating question. The present invention may also include determining that the received subsequent question is not beginning a new question topic based on determining that the received subsequent question is not a rephrasing of the received initiating question. The present invention may then include propagating a conversational context based on determining that that received subsequent question is not beginning a new question topic. The present invention may include generating and scoring an answer based on the propagated conversational context. The present invention may lastly include outputting the answer.