Patents by Inventor Christopher R A Godfrey

Christopher R A Godfrey has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Patent number: 5221691
    Abstract: Fungicidal compounds having the formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein A is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, C.sub.1-4 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-4 haloalkoxy, C.sub.1-4 alkylcarbonyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, phenoxy, nitro or cyano; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted heterocyclylalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkylalkyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted aryloxyalkyl, optionally substituted heterocyclyloxyalkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted heterocyclyloxy, nitro, halo, cyano, --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.3, --CONR.sup.3 R.sup.4, --COR.sup.3, --S(O).sub.n R.sup.3 wherein n is 0, 1 or 2, (CH.sub.2).sub.m PO(OR.sup.3).sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 29, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 22, 1993
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Paul J. de Fraine, Ian R. Matthews
  • Patent number: 5221316
    Abstract: Acrylic acid derivatives having the formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein W is R.sup.1 O.sub.2 C--C.dbd.CH--ZR.sup.2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl or fluoroalkyl groups, and Z is oxygen or sulphur; A, B, D and E are hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy or optionally substituted alkyl, alkoxy, aralkyl, arylalkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylthio, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylthio, acyloxy, amino, arylazo or acylamino, nitro, cyano, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.3, --CONR.sup.3 R.sup.4, --COR.sup.3, --CR.sup.3 .dbd.NR.sup.4, --N.dbd.CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 or --S(O).sub.n R.sup.3 groups; any two of the groups A, B, D and E, when they are in adjacent positions on the ring, optionally join to form a fused ring, n is 0, 1 or 2; and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or optionally substituted aryl or aralkyl; and metal complexes thereof. These compounds are useful as fungicides, insecticides, nematicides or plant growth regulators.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 19, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 22, 1993
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: Vivienne M. Anthony, John M. Clough, Paul DeFraine, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Patrick J. Crowley, Kenneth Anderton
  • Patent number: 5206245
    Abstract: Fungicidal compounds having the formula (I): ##STR1## in which any two of K, L and M are nitrogen and the other is CE; X and Y are independently hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, C.sub.2-4 alkenyl, C.sub.2-4 alkynyl, C.sub.2-4 alkynyloxy, phenyl, benzyloxy, cyano, isocyano, thiocyanato, isothiocyanato, nitro, NR.sup.1 R.sup.2, NR.sup.1 OR.sup.2, N.sub.3, NHCOR.sup.1, NR.sup.1 CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, NHCONR.sup.1 R.sup.2, N.dbd.CHNR.sup.1 R.sup.2, NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.1, OR.sup.1, OCOR.sup.1, OSO.sub.2 R.sup.1, SR.sup.1, SOR.sup.1, SO.sub.2 R.sup.1, SO.sub.2 OR.sup.1,SO.sub.2 NR.sup.1 R.sup.2, COR.sup.1, CR.sup.1 .dbd.NOR.sup.2, CHR.sup.1 CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, CO.sub.2 R.sup.1, CONR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CSNR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CH.sub.3 O.sub.2 C.C:CH.OCH.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 26, 1991
    Date of Patent: April 27, 1993
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Ian T. Streeting, Rex Cheetham, Paul J. de Fraine
  • Patent number: 5198444
    Abstract: Fungicidal compounds of the formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein K is oxygen or sulphur; Z is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; X is O, S(O).sub.n, NR.sup.4, CR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CHR.sup.5, CO, CR.sup.1 (OR.sup.2), C.dbd.CR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.2, CR.sup.1 .dbd.CR.sup.2, CHR.sup.1 CR.sup.2 .dbd.CH, C.dbd.C, OCHR.sup.1, CHR.sup.1 O, OCHR.sup.1 O, S(O).sub.n CHR.sup.1, S(O).sub.n CHR.sup.1 O, CHR.sup.1 S(O).sub.n, CHR.sup.1 OSO.sub.2, NR.sup.4 CHR.sup.1, CHR.sup.1 NR.sup.4, CO.sub.2, O.sub.2 C, SO.sub.2 O, OSO.sub.2, CO.CO, COCHR.sup.1, COCHR.sup.1 O, CHR.sup.1 CO, CHOH.CHR.sup.1, CHR.sup.1.CHOH, ##STR2## CONR.sup.4, OCONR.sup.4, NR.sup.4 CO, CSNR.sup.4, OCS.NR.sup.4, SCO.NR.sup.4, NR.sup.4 CO.sub.2, NR.sup.4 CS, NR.sup.4 CSO, NR.sup.4 COS, NR.sup.4 CONR.sup.4, S(O).sub.n NR.sup.4, NR.sup.4 S(O).sub.n, CS.sub.2, S.sub.2 C, CO.S, SCO, N.dbd.N, N.dbd.CR.sup.1, CR.sup.1 .dbd.N, CHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.2 CH(OH), CHR.sup.1 OCO, CHR.sup.1 SCO, CHR.sup.1 NR.sup.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 15, 1990
    Date of Patent: March 30, 1993
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Stephen P. Heaney, Kenneth Anderton
  • Patent number: 5179098
    Abstract: Fungicidal compounds having the formula (I): ##STR1## in which any two of K, L and M are nitrogen and the other is CH; and X is an optionally substituted 3- to 6-membered heterocyclic ring containing at least one trivalent nitrogen atom by which it is attached to the central pyrimidine ring.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 20, 1990
    Date of Patent: January 12, 1993
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Ian T. Streeting, David P. Bacon
  • Patent number: 5162319
    Abstract: Fungicidal compounds having the formula (I): ##STR1## in which any two of K, L and M are nitrogen and the other is CY wherein Y is H, halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, cyano, nitro or trifluoromethyl; n is 0 or 1 and X is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 2, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 10, 1992
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries plc
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Ian T. Streeting, Christopher R. A. Godfrey
  • Patent number: 5158954
    Abstract: Fungicidal compounds of the formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein K is oxygen or sulphur; Z is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; X is O, S(O).sub.n, NR.sup.4, CR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CHR.sup.5, CO, CR.sup.1 (OR.sup.2), C.dbd.CR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.2, CR.sup.1 .dbd.CR.sup.2, CHR.sup.1 CR.sup.2 .dbd.CH, C.dbd.C, OCHR.sup.1, CHR.sup.1 O, OCHR.sup.1 O, S(O).sub.n CHR.sup.1, S(O).sub.n CHR.sup.1 O, CHR.sup.1 S(O).sub.n, CHR.sup.1 OSO.sub.2, NR.sup.4 CHR.sup.1, CHR.sup.1 NR.sup.4, CO.sub.2, O.sub.2 C, SO.sub.2 O, OSO.sub.2, CO.CO, COCHR.sup.1, COCHR.sup.1 O, CHR.sup.1 CO, CHOH.CHR.sup.1, CHR.sup.1.CHOH, ##STR2## CONR.sup.4, OCONR.sup.4, NR.sup.4 CO, CSNR.sup.4, OCS.NR.sup.4, SCO.NR.sup.4, NR.sup.4 CO.sub.2, NR.sup.4 CS, NR.sup.4 CSO, NR.sup.4 COS, NR.sup.4 CONR.sup.4, S(O).sub.n NR.sup.4, NR.sup.4 S(O).sub.n, CS.sub.2, S.sub.2 C, CO.S, SCO, N.dbd.N, N.dbd.CR.sup.1, CR.sup.1 .dbd.N, CHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.2 CH(OH), CHR.sup.1 OCO, CHR.sup.1 SCO, CHR.sup.1 NR.sup.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 15, 1990
    Date of Patent: October 27, 1992
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Stephen P. Heaney, Kenneth Anderton
  • Patent number: 5157144
    Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein X is halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryloxyalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, amino, arylazo, heteroarylalkyl, heteroaryloxyalkyl, acylamino nitro, nitrile, trifluoromethyl, --OR.sup.1, SR.sup.1, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, --CONR.sup.3 R.sup.4, --COR.sup.5, --CR.sup.6 .dbd.NR.sup.7, --N.dbd.CR8R.sup.9, --SOR.sup.10 or --SO.sub.2 R.sup.11 ; W, Y and Z, which may be the same or different, are any of the atoms or groups listed for X above and, in addition, may be hydrogen atoms; or any two of the groups W, X, Y and Z, in adjacent positions on the phenyl ring, optionally join to form a fused ring, either aromatic or aliphatic, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms; R.sup.1 is alkyl, or cycloalkyl optionally containing a heteroatom in the cycloalkyl ring, alkenyl, acyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl or heteroarylalkyl; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10 and R.sup.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 31, 1991
    Date of Patent: October 20, 1992
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: Vivienne M. Anthony, John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Thomas E. Wiggens
  • Patent number: 5145954
    Abstract: Compounds of formula: ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which are the same or different, are optionally substituted alkyl; W, X, Y and Z, which are the same or different, are hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkylalkyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted aryloxyalkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted amino, optionally substituted arylazo, optionally substituted heteroarylalkyl, optionally substituted heteroaryloxyalkyl, optionally substituted acylamino, nitro, cyano, --OR.sup.3, --SR.sup.3, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.4, --CONR.sup.5 R.sup.6, --COR.sup.7, --CR.sup.8 .dbd.NR.sup.9, --N.dbd.CR.sup.10 R.sup.11, --SOR.sup.12 or --SO.sub.2 R.sup.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 17, 1989
    Date of Patent: September 8, 1992
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: Vivienne M. Anthony, John M. Clough, Paul DeFraine, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Thomas E. Wiggins, David J. Tapolczay
  • Patent number: 5145856
    Abstract: Compounds having the formula (I): ##STR1## in which any two of K, L and M are nitrogen and the other is CE; X and Y are independently hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, C.sub.2-4 alkenyl, C.sub.2-4 alkynyl, C.sub.2-4 alkynyloxy, phenyl, benzyloxy, cyano, isocyano, isothiocyanato, nitro, NR.sup.1 R.sup.2, NR.sup.1 OR.sup.2, N.sub.3, NHCOR.sup.1, NR.sup.1 CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, NHCONR.sup.1 R.sup.2, N.dbd.CHNR.sup.1 R.sup.2, NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.1, OR.sup.1, OCOR.sup.1, OSO.sub.2 R.sup.1, SR.sup.1, SOR.sup.1, SO.sub.2 R.sup.1, SO.sub.2 OR.sup.1, SO.sub.2 NR.sup.1 R.sup.2, COR.sup.1, CR.sup.1 .dbd.NOR.sup.2, CHR.sup.1 CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, CO.sub.2 R.sup.1, CONR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CSNR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CH.sub.3 O.sub.2 C.C:CH.OCH.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 27, 1991
    Date of Patent: September 8, 1992
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Ian T. Streeting, Rex Cheetham
  • Patent number: 5124353
    Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein V is an oxygen or a sulphur atom; X and Y, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen or halogen atoms, or optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted arylalkoxy, optionally substituted acyloxy, optionally substituted amino, acylamino, nitro, nitrile, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.3, --CONR.sup.4 R.sup.5, or --COR.sup.6 groups; or the groups X and Y, when they are in adjacent positions on the phenyl ring, may join to form a fused ring, either aromatic or aliphatic, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms; and Z is optionally substituted methylene, optionally substituted amino, oxygen or sulphur and when Z is a substituted methylene group, the substituent may join the 2-position of the phenyl ring to form a non-aromatic fused ring; R.sup.1 and R.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 3, 1989
    Date of Patent: June 23, 1992
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey
  • Patent number: 5124329
    Abstract: Fungicidal compounds having the formula (I): ##STR1## in which any two of K, L and M are nitrogen and the other is CY wherein Y is H, halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, cyano, nitro or trifluoromethyl; n is 0 or 1 and X is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 28, 1990
    Date of Patent: June 23, 1992
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Ian T. Streeting, Christopher R. A. Godfrey
  • Patent number: 5112386
    Abstract: Acrylic acid derivatives having the formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein W is R.sup.1 O.sub.2 C--C.dbd.CH--ZR.sup.2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl or fluoroalkyl groups, and Z is oxygen or sulphur, A, B, D and E are hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy or optionally substituted alkyl, alkoxy, aralkyl, arylalkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylthio, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylthio, acyloxy, amino, arylazo or acylamino, nitro, cyano, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.3, --CONR.sup.3 R.sup.4, --COR.sup.3, --CR.sup.3 .dbd.NR.sup.4, --N.dbd.CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 --S(O).sub.n R.sup.3 groups; any two of the groups, A, B, D and E, when they are in adjacent positions on the ring, optionally join to form a fused ring, n is 0, 1 or 2; and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or optionally substituted aryl or aralkyl; and metal complexes thereof. These compounds are useful as fungicides, insecticides, nematicides or plant growth regulators.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 30, 1988
    Date of Patent: May 12, 1992
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: Anthony Vivienne, John M. Clough, Paul deFraine, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Patrick J. Crowley, Kenneth Anderton
  • Patent number: 5089510
    Abstract: A method of killing or controlling insect, mite or nematode pests which comprises applying to the pest or to the locus thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylalkenyl, heteroarylalkenyl, aryloxyalkyl, heteroaryloxyalkyl, arylalkoxy, heteroarylalkoxy, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5, alkylCO.sub.2 R.sup.6, monoalkylamino or dialkylamino; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.4 or nitro; and R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are hydrogen or alkyl; any of the foregoing aliphatic moieties are optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, or haloalkoxy; any of the foregoing aryl or heteroaryl moieties are optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl or haloalkoxy.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 6, 1989
    Date of Patent: February 18, 1992
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: David J. Tapolczay, Vivienne M. Anthony, John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Paul J. de Fraine
  • Patent number: 5073184
    Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein W is R.sup.1 O.sub.2 C--C.dbd.CH--ZR.sup.2, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which are the same or different, are alkyl or fluoroalkyl groups, and Z is either an oxygen or sulphur atom; A is an oxygen or sulphur atom, --NR.sup.3 --, or --CR.sup.4 R.sup.5 --; X, Y and Z.sup.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 9, 1990
    Date of Patent: December 17, 1991
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: Vivienne M. Anthony, John M. Clough, Paul deFraine, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Kevin Beautement
  • Patent number: 5059605
    Abstract: Fungicidal compounds having the formula (I): ##STR1## in which any two of K, L and M are nitrogen and the other is CE; X and Y are independently hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, C.sub.2-4 alkenyl, C.sub.2-4 alkynyl, C.sub.2-4 alkenyloxy, C.sub.2-4 alkynyloxy, phenyl, benzyloxy, cyano, isocyano, isothiocyanato, nitro, NR.sup.1 R.sup.2, NR.sup.1 OR.sup.2, N.sub.3, NHCOR.sup.1, NR.sup.1 CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, NHCONR.sup.1 R.sup.2, N.dbd.CHNR.sup.1 R.sup.2, NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.1, OR.sup.1, OCOR.sup.1, OSO.sub.2 R.sup.1, SR.sup.1, SOR.sup.1, SO.sub.2 R.sup.1, SO.sub.2 OR.sup.1, SO.sub.2 NR.sup.1 R.sup.2, COR.sup.1, CR.sup.1 .dbd.NOR.sup.2, CHR.sup.1 CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, CO.sub.2 R.sup.1, CONR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CSNR.sup.1 R.sup.2, CH.sub.3 O.sub.2 C.C:CH.OCH.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 10, 1990
    Date of Patent: October 22, 1991
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Ian T. Streeting
  • Patent number: 5057146
    Abstract: This invention relates to derivatives of acrylic acid useful in agriculture (especially as fungicides but also as plant growth regulators, insecticides and nematocides), to processes for preparing them, to agricultural (especially fungicidal) compositions containing them, and to methods of using them to combat fungi, especially fungal infections in plants, to regulate plant growth and to kill or control insect or nematode pests.The invention provides a compound having the formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein W is a substituted pyridinyl or substituted pyrimidinyl group linked to A by any of its ring carbon atoms; A is either an oxygen atom or S(O).sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 17, 1990
    Date of Patent: October 15, 1991
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: Vivienne M. Anthony, John M. Clough, Paul DeFraine, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Ian Ferguson, Patrick J. Crowley, Michael G. Hutchings
  • Patent number: 5053073
    Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein W is R.sup.1 O.sub.2 C--C.dbd.CH--ZR.sup.2, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which are the same or different, are alkyl or fluoroalkyl groups, and Z is either an oxygen or sulphur atom; A is an oxygen or sulphur atom, --NR.sup.3 --, or --CR.sup.4 R.sup.5 --; X, Y and Z.sup.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 11, 1989
    Date of Patent: October 1, 1991
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: Vivienne M. Anthony, John M. Clough, Paul deFraine, Christopher R. A. Godfrey, Kevin Beautement
  • Patent number: 5039810
    Abstract: (E)-methyl 2-(2-chloropyrid-3-yl)-3-methoxypropenoate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 17, 1988
    Date of Patent: August 13, 1991
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: Kenneth Anderson, John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey
  • Patent number: 5034388
    Abstract: This invention relates to derivatives of acrylic acid of the formula: ##STR1## useful as fungicides, to processes for preparing them, to fungicidal compositions containing them, and to methods of using them to combat fungi, especially fungal infections in plants. The values of the variables are provided herein.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 7, 1990
    Date of Patent: July 23, 1991
    Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC
    Inventors: John M. Clough, Christopher R. A. Godfrey