Abstract: Electric power assisted steering (EPAS) systems for solid axle front suspension vehicles are described. An example EPAS system includes an idler arm having a first end and a second end. The first end of the idler arm is coupled to a frame of the vehicle. The example EPAS system further includes an EPAS rack assembly having an input shaft, a rack, an electric motor, and an output link. The rack is coupled to the input shaft and is movable in response to movement of the input shaft. The electric motor is coupled to the rack. The electric motor provides powered assistance to movement of the rack. The output link has a first end and a second end. The first end of the output link is coupled to the rack. The second end of the output link is coupled to the second end of the idler arm.

Abstract: Electric power assisted steering (EPAS) systems for solid axle front suspension vehicles are described. An example EPAS system includes an idler arm having a first end and a second end. The first end of the idler arm is coupled to a frame of the vehicle. The example EPAS system further includes an EPAS rack assembly having an input shaft, a rack, an electric motor, and an output link. The rack is coupled to the input shaft and is movable in response to movement of the input shaft. The electric motor is coupled to the rack. The electric motor provides powered assistance to movement of the rack. The output link has a first end and a second end. The first end of the output link is coupled to the rack. The second end of the output link is coupled to the second end of the idler arm.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement, having a plurality of electronic components; a plurality of first access lines and second access lines, wherein each electronic component is coupled with at least one first access line and at least one second access line; an access controller configured to control an access to at least one electronic component of the plurality of electronic components via the at least one first access line and the at least one second access line; a bias circuit configured to provide a defined potential to at least one of the first access lines, wherein the bias circuit is configured, during an access to an electronic component via one selected first access line of the plurality of first access lines, to provide the defined potential to one or two first access lines of the plurality of first access lines, wherein the one or two first access lines are arranged adjacent to the selected first access line, and, wherein during the access to the electronic component, the potentials of the first access lines of

Abstract: An optical probe system has a light source fiber-delivered and the detector fiber-coupled for analyzing carrier fringes using a line sensor to measure displacement and tilt. Simultaneous surface metrology to measure both the front and back surface of the same optic, is enabled provided the two surfaces are substantially parallel to within the measurement range. Alternatively, the front surface can be measured and then subsequently the back surface.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement, having a plurality of electronic components; a plurality of first access lines and second access lines, wherein each electronic component is coupled with at least one first access line and at least one second access line; an access controller configured to control an access to at least one electronic component of the plurality of electronic components via the at least one first access line and the at least one second access line; a bias circuit configured to provide a defined potential to at least one of the first access lines, wherein the bias circuit is configured, during an access to an electronic component via one selected first access line of the plurality of first access lines, to provide the defined potential to one or two first access lines of the plurality of first access lines, wherein the one or two first access lines are arranged adjacent to the selected first access line, and, wherein during the access to the electronic component, the potentials of the first access lines of