Abstract: A method and system for a vehicle for binding a user account with a digital key is disclosed herein. The method includes receiving information about an account binding of a user from an administrative platform for the vehicle, the information about the account binding comprising information on a digital account key. The method also includes receiving access information from a user, the access information comprising information on a digital user key, and verifying that the digital account key and the digital user key match to obtain user grant information. The method further includes obtaining information about one or more personalized settings or services of the user for the vehicle based on the user grant information, and applying the one or more settings to the vehicle or enabling the one or more services for the user in the vehicle.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to improving the estimation of lane lines along a roadway. In one embodiment, a method includes acquiring sensor data about a roadway. The sensor data includes at least frames and associated point detections about a lane line associated with the roadway. The method includes identifying a selected point and nearby points of the point detections. The method includes projecting lines from the nearby points to an orthogonal line extending from the selected point to define projection points. The method includes estimating a line point of the lane line according to the projection points. The method includes generating an estimated line for the lane line using the line point and other line points.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to associating vehicle sensor data with road graphs. In one embodiment, a system includes a processor and a memory storing machine-readable instructions. The machine-readable instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to 1) map frames of a vehicle trace along a road to a respective nearest portion of a road graph for the road, 2) identify, as a non-baseline segment, a portion of the road graph for which there is a mapping inconsistency, and 3) for a baseline segment, associate vehicle sensor data captured at the frames with the respective nearest portion of the road graph.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to estimating a lane graph describing a road portion. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a frame graph of a road portion. The frame graph has a plurality of cycles, and each cycle is an enclosed configuration of three or more edges. Each edge connects two trace points. Further, each edge has one or more relationship options between the two trace points and a probability value for each of the one or more relationship options. Each trace point is related to a position of a vehicle in the road portion. The method includes estimating, using a maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) process, a lane graph describing the road portion based on at least a portion of the frame graph.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to implementing lane change detection strategies. In one embodiment, a method includes determining for each segment of a frame graph a left-handed distance and a right-handed distance based on a vehicle position indicator, a set of left lane boundary indicators, and a set of right lane boundary indicators within each segment; and determining if a lane change has occurred by evaluating changes in magnitude within a set of left-handed distances and a set of right-handed distances.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to estimating lane elevation using headings for generating three-dimensional (3D) maps. In one embodiment, a method includes augmenting positions of detected lane boundaries with headings of a vehicle from sensor data. The method also includes adding the headings to vertices of two-dimensional (2D) lines using direction vectors between the vertices, wherein the 2D lines are directed towards the detected lane boundaries. The method also includes estimating elevations of the vertices including surrounding lane boundaries using a weighted average and vehicle poses from the sensor data, the surrounding lane boundaries having locations different than the positions and the weighted average factors directional differences between the vertices. The method also includes generating a 3D map of driving lanes having stacked roads identified using the elevations.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for improving a localization estimate of a vehicle by leveraging localization estimates of surrounding vehicles. A vehicle may estimate its own location relative to a global reference frame. The vehicle may identify nearby vehicles. The vehicle may estimate the location of the nearby vehicles. The vehicle and nearby vehicles may generate and exchange localization packets containing information about the vehicles and the location estimates. The vehicle may refine its localization estimate based on received localization packets.

Abstract: A pressure equalising device for a housing, including an inside, an outside, and a lattice-like cage having a gas passage opening. The gas passage opening connects the inside and the outside in a differential pressure-dependent and flow-conducting manner. The gas passage opening is covered by a gas-permeable membrane which includes at least one nonwoven layer. The nonwoven layer includes fibers which are substantially completely sheathed by a sheath of an elastomer.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to generating a semantic map for a road portion. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving sensor data related to a road portion. The sensor data includes trace points and key points associated with the trace points. The trace points are related to positions of a vehicle in the road portion and the key points are related to lane boundaries. The method includes determining a relationship between the trace points based on the key points and determining characteristics of the road portion based on the relationship.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to generating a semantic map for a road segment. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving sensor data related to a road segment. The sensor data includes trace points and key points associated with the trace points. The trace points are related to positions of a vehicle in the road segment and the key points are related to lane boundaries. The method includes generating hypothetical lane configurations, generating scores based on how accurately the key points match the hypothetical lane configurations, and selecting one hypothetical lane configuration from the hypothetical lane configurations based on a score among the scores. The score indicating most accurate match. The method includes determining characteristics of the road segment based on the one hypothetical lane configuration.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to generating a semantic map for a road segment. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving sensor data related to a road segment, generating an orthogonal axis related to the road segment, and projecting the sensor data onto the orthogonal axis. The method includes generating a range of weighting functions based on potential characteristics of the road segment and determining a plurality of scores based on applying the range of weighting functions to the sensor data along the orthogonal axis. The method includes selecting one weighting function from the range of weighting functions based on one score of the plurality of scores, where the one score is a highest score. The method includes determining characteristics of the road segment based on the selected weighting function.

Abstract: A pressure equalising device for a housing, including an inside, an outside, and a lattice-like cage having a gas passage opening. The gas passage opening connects the inside and the outside in a differential pressure-dependent and flow-conducting manner. The gas passage opening is covered by a gas-permeable membrane which includes at least one nonwoven layer. The nonwoven layer includes fibers which are substantially completely sheathed by a sheath of an elastomer.

Abstract: A method for applying a spray agent to an agricultural land using a spray nozzle unit of an agricultural spray device. The method includes detecting first and second field sections of the agricultural land using an optical detection unit to obtain first and second pieces of image information from the first and second field sections, wherein the pieces of image information have a common lateral overlapping area having a depth in the travel direction of the agricultural spray device; classifying plants in the obtained pieces of image information using a control unit; determining first and second plant identification numbers for first and second image evaluation areas in the obtained first and second pieces of image information using the classified plants; and applying the spray agent as a function of the determined plant identification numbers using the spray nozzle unit of the agricultural spray device.

Abstract: A preprocessing technique for synthetic radar images. An embodiment of a method for preprocessing synthetic aperture radar images includes: receiving range-compressed radar data generated from raw radar image data on-board a satellite or an airborne vehicle; generating a preliminary SAR image by performing a pre-focusing on the range-compressed radar data; extracting image subsectors from the preliminary SAR image; transmitting the extracted image subsectors to an on-ground portion; reconstructing the range-compressed radar data pertaining to the extracted image subsectors; and making the range-compressed radar data pertaining to the extracted image subsectors available for a Nominal synthetic aperture radar processor, wherein the Nominal synthetic aperture radar processor is configured to generate a focused SAR image having a nominal value of image resolution that is higher than the resolution of the preliminary SAR image.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for improving a localization estimate of a vehicle by leveraging localization estimates of surrounding dynamic objects from surrounding vehicles. A vehicle may estimate its own location relative to a global reference frame. The vehicle may identify nearby dynamic objects. The vehicle may estimate the location of the nearby dynamic objects. The vehicle and nearby vehicles may generate and exchange localization packets containing information about the dynamic objects and the location estimates for the dynamic objects. The vehicle may refine its localization estimate based on received localization packets.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for improving a localization estimate of a vehicle by leveraging localization estimates of surrounding vehicles. A vehicle may estimate its own location relative to a global reference frame. The vehicle may identify nearby vehicles. The vehicle may estimate the location of the nearby vehicles. The vehicle and nearby vehicles may generate and exchange localization packets containing information about the vehicles and the location estimates. The vehicle may refine its localization estimate based on received localization packets.

Abstract: Systems and methods of collaborative localization for a vehicle are provided. In particular, one or more vehicles that are able to localize themselves with high accuracy may transmit timestamped localization information (i.e. localization packets) to a nearby vehicles which lack high-accuracy localization sensors. Each localization packet may include the location of the transmitting vehicle with respect to a global reference frame. Upon receiving the localization packets, a vehicle may use radiolocation techniques to estimate its location relative to the transmitting vehicle(s). Based on this estimation and the information in the localization packets, the vehicle may then estimate its location with respect to the global reference frame with a high degree of accuracy.

Abstract: A preprocessing technique for synthetic radar images. An embodiment of a method for preprocessing synthetic aperture radar images includes: receiving range-compressed radar data generated from raw radar image data on-board a satellite or an airborne vehicle; generating a preliminary SAR image by performing a pre-focusing on the range-compressed radar data; extracting image subsectors from the preliminary SAR image; transmitting the extracted image subsectors to an on-ground portion; reconstructing the range-compressed radar data pertaining to the extracted image subsectors; and making the range-compressed radar data pertaining to the extracted image subsectors available for a Nominal synthetic aperture radar processor, wherein the Nominal synthetic aperture radar processor is configured to generate a focused SAR image having a nominal value of image resolution that is higher than the resolution of the preliminary SAR image.

Abstract: Provided is a screen recording preparation method for evaluating software usability using additional data of a user session carried out by a computing system includes at least the following steps in an initial phase: loading a screen recording including a number of N time-ordered screenshots of the user session from a storage medium and detecting visual features within each of the N screenshots, wherein each of the features is attributed a position within the respective screenshot and a score identifying the feature, and creating a set of metadata containing an identifier of each of the N screenshots and the features detected within each of the N screenshots and setting a threshold similarity value. The method also comprises a cycling phase for treating the metadata. Also, a computing system, a computer program and a computer-readable storage medium perform a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.