Abstract: Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is a destruction technology to quickly treat per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS)-impacted groundwater, investigation derived waste, and other aqueous matrices such as landfill leachate and aqueous film forming foam. Laboratory-prepared and field-collected samples with inlet PFAS concentrations up to 50 parts per million were consistently destroyed to less than 70 parts per trillion for all PFAS, when running at the determined optimal operating conditions (?600° C. and 3,500 pounds per square inch). We investigated the correlation between temperature and flowrate of the system, finding that reactor temperatures ?450° C. destroys perfluorinated carbonic acids, but higher temperatures and specified conditions are necessary to destroy perfluorosulfonic acids. Using a higher density oxygen source also increases the throughput of a SCWO reactor, here up to 140 mL/min, without affecting PFAS destruction. Continuous 5-log reduction in the concentration of PFAS (99.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracting a material from a liquid includes a concentration stage having a filter, a first path from the filter, and a second path from the filter. Under this configuration, the concentration stage accepts an initial liquid volume. A first liquid not having material collected by the filter is passed along the first path, and concentrated liquid having material therein, which is entrapped by the filter, is directed to the second path. The apparatus also includes an aerosolizing stage coupled to the concentration stage that converts the concentrated liquid into an aerosol and a drying stage that dries the aerosol such that material extracted from the aerosol onto a material substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracting a material from a liquid includes a concentration stage having a filter, a first path from the filter, and a second path from the filter. Under this configuration, the concentration stage accepts an initial liquid volume. A first liquid not having material collected by the filter is passed along the first path, and concentrated liquid having material therein, which is entrapped by the filter, is directed to the second path. The apparatus also includes an aerosolizing stage coupled to the concentration stage that converts the concentrated liquid into an aerosol and a drying stage that dries the aerosol such that material extracted from the aerosol onto a material substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracting a material from a liquid includes a concentration stage having a tangential flow filter, a first path from the tangential flow filter, and a second path from the tangential flow filter. Under this configuration, the concentration stage accepts an initial liquid volume. A first liquid not having material collected by the tangential flow filter is passed along the first path, and concentrated liquid having material therein, which is entrapped by the filter, is directed to the second path. The apparatus also includes an aerosolizing stage coupled to the concentration stage that converts the concentrated liquid into an aerosol and a drying stage that dries the aerosol such that material extracted from the aerosol onto a material substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracting a material from a liquid includes a concentration stage having a tangential flow filter, a first path from the tangential flow filter, and a second path from the tangential flow filter. Under this configuration, the concentration stage accepts an initial liquid volume. A first liquid not having material collected by the tangential flow filter is passed along the first path, and concentrated liquid having material therein, which is entrapped by the filter, is directed to the second path. The apparatus also includes an aerosolizing stage coupled to the concentration stage that converts the concentrated liquid into an aerosol and a drying stage that dries the aerosol such that material extracted from the aerosol onto a material substrate.