Abstract: A microfabricated optical gyroscope that utilizes a linear array of micron scale optical ring resonators closely spaced to allow evanescent coupling of electromagnetic fields in adjacent resonators. Within each resonator, the optical Sagnac effect produces a phase difference between clockwise and counterclockwise propagating light that is proportional to the inertial rotation rate perpendicular to the plane of the resonator. The disclosure enhances the overall sensitivity to rotations by varying the strengths of the evanescent coupling between resonators and/or the circumferences of the resonators. The size and coupling strengths control the optical interference between resonators.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed which may comprise an electron gyroscope, which may comprise an interferometer array which may comprise interferometer rings formed from a sheet of graphene. Each interferometer ring in the interferometer array may have a half-circumference shorter in length than the ballistic length for an electron in graphene.