Abstract: Hybrid drive for a vehicle, with a combustion engine and with at least one additional drive means, wherein an exhaust gas system with an exhaust gas post-treatment device and a turbine of an exhaust gas turbo-charger is provided for discharging the exhaust gases of the combustion engine and wherein the exhaust gas post-treatment device is arranged in the exhaust gas system in flow direction of the exhaust gases in front of the turbine, as well as a method for operating a hybrid drive.

Abstract: Methods for regenerating a nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter which is monitored to ensure that it exhibits a sufficient operating temperature for its regeneration, and a regeneration occurs at a point in time in which a flow rate (v) of an exhaust flow through the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter (6) has at least decreased in comparison to an immediately preceding time period. A vehicle for the operation in different operating ranges, having an exhaust post-treatment, exhibiting at least one nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter and a reformer that provides for a reformate injection in an exhaust system prior to the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter, and having a stored regeneration program for the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter, which provides for a triggering of the regeneration when an operational state is detected in which no load is demanded of the internal combustion engine, preferably when the motor is at rest.

Abstract: Hybrid drive for a vehicle, with a combustion engine and with at least one additional drive means, wherein an exhaust gas system with an exhaust gas post-treatment device and a turbine of an exhaust gas turbo-charger is provided for discharging the exhaust gases of the combustion engine and wherein the exhaust gas post-treatment device is arranged in the exhaust gas system in flow direction of the exhaust gases in front of the turbine, as well as a method for operating a hybrid drive.

Abstract: A method is provided for predicting NOx loading at a DeNOx catalyst by which a NOx amount actually stored in the DeNOx catalyst can be precisely predicted and to an exhaust system which controls a regeneration timing of the DeNOx catalyst and amount of a reducing agent which is injected by using the method. The method may include calculating mass flow of NOx stored at the DeNOx catalyst, calculating mass flow of NOx thermally released from the DeNOx catalyst, calculating mass flow of NOx chemically released from the DeNOx catalyst, and calculating NOx amount actually stored at the DeNOx catalyst by using the mass flow of NOx stored at the DeNOx catalyst, the mass flow of NOx thermally released from the DeNOx catalyst, and the mass flow of NOx chemically released from the DeNOx catalyst.

Abstract: Method for the regeneration of a carbon particulate filter 5 in a combustion engine arrangement 1 with a combustion engine 2 and an exhaust-gas aftertreatment device 3, wherein the combustion engine arrangement 1 is switched to a heating operation for increasing the exhaust-gas temperature, which is suitable, to heat the exhaust-gas to a carbon particulate ignition temperature. By means of the operation conditions of the combustion engine arrangement 1, the necessary energy input per carbon particulate mass (specific energy input) is determined and monitored for the regeneration. When falling below a threshold value for the specific energy input, the heating operation for the regeneration of the carbon particulate filter 5 is started.

Abstract: A method for predicting a NOx amount, may include determining a reference NOx amount according to a driving condition of an engine, primarily correcting the reference NOx amount according to an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) ratio, and secondarily correcting the primarily corrected NOx amount according to an environmental factor and the driving condition.

Abstract: A method for predicting a NOx amount may include detecting an O2 amount in an intake air, calculating a reference O2 amount in the intake air according to a driving condition of an engine, calculating a reference NOx amount contained in an exhaust gas according to the driving condition of the engine, and primarily correcting the reference NOx amount based on the detected O2 amount in the intake air and the reference O2 amount in the intake air according to the driving condition of the engine.

Abstract: A method for predicting sulfur oxides (SOx) stored at a denitrification (DeNOx) catalyst may include calculations of the mass flow of SOx poisoned at the DeNOx catalyst, the mass flow of SOx released from the DeNOx catalyst, and the SOx amount poisoned at the DeNOx catalyst by integrating the value obtained by subtracting the released mass flow of SOx from the poisoned mass flow of SOx. An exhaust system using the method may comprise an engine having a first injector, an exhaust pipe, a second injector mounted at the exhaust pipe and injecting a reducing agent, a DeNOx catalyst mounted at the exhaust pipe and reducing SOx or nitrogen oxides (NOx) or both contained in the exhaust gas by using the reducing agent, and a control portion electrically connected to the system and performing the calculations and controls.

Abstract: Methods for regenerating a nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter which is monitored to ensure that it exhibits a sufficient operating temperature for its regeneration, and a regeneration occurs at a point in time in which a flow rate (v) of an exhaust flow through the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter (6) has at least decreased in comparison to an immediately preceding time period. A vehicle for the operation in different operating ranges, having an exhaust post-treatment, exhibiting at least one nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter and a reformer that provides for a reformate injection in an exhaust system prior to the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter, and having a stored regeneration program for the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter, which provides for a triggering of the regeneration when an operational state is detected in which no load is demanded of the internal combustion engine, preferably when the motor is at rest.

Abstract: A method for predicting regeneration may include calculating total mass flow of reducing agent, calculating mass flow of the reducing agent used in nitrate reduction reaction, mass flow of the reducing agent used in NO2 reduction reaction, and mass flow of the reducing agent which is simply oxidized by using the total mass flow of the reducing agent, calculating mass flow of released NO2 and mass flow of reduced NO2 by using the mass flow of the reducing agent used in the nitrate reduction reaction and the mass flow of the reducing agent used in the NO2 reduction reaction, calculating mass flow of NO2 slipped from DeNOx catalyst, and calculating mass of NO2 and mass of NOx remaining at the DeNOx catalyst after regeneration based on the mass flow of the released NO2, the mass flow of the reduced NO2, and the mass flow of the slipped NO2.

Abstract: Method for the regeneration of a carbon particulate filter 5 in a combustion engine arrangement 1 with a combustion engine 2 and an exhaust-gas aftertreatment device 3, wherein the combustion engine arrangement 1 is switched to a heating operation for increasing the exhaust-gas temperature, which is suitable, to heat the exhaust-gas to a carbon particulate ignition temperature. By means of the operation conditions of the combustion engine arrangement 1, the necessary energy input per carbon particulate mass (specific energy input) is determined and monitored for the regeneration. When falling below a threshold value for the specific energy input, the heating operation for the regeneration of the carbon particulate filter 5 is started.

Abstract: Method for the on-board diagnosis of an exhaust gas post-treatment device for a combustion engine, wherein the exhaust gas post-treatment device has means for converting an exhaust gas component and wherein sensor means are provided downstream of the exhaust gas post-treatment device, wherein the exhaust gas component is acquired by the sensor means and that by means of the quantity of the acquired exhaust gas component the quality of the means for converting the exhaust gas component is derived, wherein a signal of the sensor means is transmitted to a system for the on-board diagnosis.

Abstract: A method for predicting regeneration may include calculating total mass flow of reducing agent, calculating mass flow of the reducing agent used in nitrate reduction reaction, mass flow of the reducing agent used in NO2 reduction reaction, and mass flow of the reducing agent which is simply oxidized by using the total mass flow of the reducing agent, calculating mass flow of released NO2 and mass flow of reduced NO2 by using the mass flow of the reducing agent used in the nitrate reduction reaction and the mass flow of the reducing agent used in the NO2 reduction reaction, calculating mass flow of NO2 slipped from DeNOx catalyst, and calculating mass of NO2 and mass of NOx remaining at the DeNOx catalyst after regeneration based on the mass flow of the released NO2, the mass flow of the reduced NO2, and the mass flow of the slipped NO2.

Abstract: A method for predicting sulfur oxides (SOx) stored at a denitrification (DeNOx) catalyst may include calculations of the mass flow of SOx poisoned at the DeNOx catalyst, the mass flow of SOx released from the DeNOx catalyst, and the SOx amount poisoned at the DeNOx catalyst by integrating the value obtained by subtracting the released mass flow of SOx from the poisoned mass flow of SOx. An exhaust system using the method may comprise an engine having a first injector, an exhaust pipe, a second injector mounted at the exhaust pipe and injecting a reducing agent, a DeNOx catalyst mounted at the exhaust pipe and reducing SOx or nitrogen oxides (NOx) or both contained in the exhaust gas by using the reducing agent, and a control portion electrically connected to the system and performing the calculations and controls.

Abstract: A method is provided for predicting NOx loading at a DeNOx catalyst by which a NOx amount actually stored in the DeNOx catalyst can be precisely predicted and to an exhaust system which controls a regeneration timing of the DeNOx catalyst and amount of a reducing agent which is injected by using the method. The method may include calculating mass flow of NOx stored at the DeNOx catalyst, calculating mass flow of NOx thermally released from the DeNOx catalyst, calculating mass flow of NOx chemically released from the DeNOx catalyst, and calculating NOx amount actually stored at the DeNOx catalyst by using the mass flow of NOx stored at the DeNOx catalyst, the mass flow of NOx thermally released from the DeNOx catalyst, and the mass flow of NOx chemically released from the DeNOx catalyst.

Abstract: A method for predicting a NOx amount may include detecting an O2 amount in an intake air, calculating a reference O2 amount in the intake air according to a driving condition of an engine, calculating a reference NOx amount contained in an exhaust gas according to the driving condition of the engine, and primarily correcting the reference NOx amount based on the detected O2 amount in the intake air and the reference O2 amount in the intake air according to the driving condition of the engine.

Abstract: A method for predicting a NOx amount, may include determining a reference NOx amount according to a driving condition of an engine, primarily correcting the reference NOx amount according to an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) ratio, and secondarily correcting the primarily corrected NOx amount according to an environmental factor and the driving condition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a motor vehicle exhaust-gas aftertreatment system (1), in which oxygen is fed to and removed from the oxygen tank (8) of an exhaust-gas aftertreatment component (7). According to the invention, the oxygen quantity in the oxygen tank (8) is determined and a rich-lean cycle is influenced in accordance with the determined oxygen quantity. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle exhaust-gas aftertreatment system (1), which permits a temperature regulation of the oxygen tank (8) and/or an uninterrupted desulphation during the transition between a rich operation and a lean operation.

Abstract: A passenger cell for a passenger car with a load bearing shell structure. The A-pillar and the adjoining lateral roof frame each have a two-part longitudinal profile. The two longitudinal profile parts are arranged at a distance from each other and an inner longitudinal profile part protruding into the interior as a roof gripping rail.