Abstract: A dynamic bone fixation element for securing an elongated fixation element such as, a longitudinal rod or bone plate, to a patient's bone, preferably a vertebra. The dynamic bone fixation element preferably includes a bone fixation element and a flexible element for connecting the bone fixation element to the elongated fixation element. The flexible element preferably permits the elongated fixation element to move with respect to the bone fixation element and hence with respect to the bone affixed thereto. The flexible element preferably permits extension and/or compression of the elongated fixation element with respect to the bone fixation element and polyaxially movement of the elongated fixation element with respect to the bone fixation element. The flexible element is preferably in the form of a spring or a spring-like flexible element.

Abstract: Reduced height and zero-profile implants, such as bone plates, are provided that take advantage of improved bone resurfacing instrument technology to form precisely resurfaced implant-receiving beds in cortical bone, such as across a fracture or bone portion in need of repair, to accommodate the implants. The implants are provided in forms that do not necessitate the inclusion of bone screws while providing increased implant-repulsion resistance. The implants may be sized and configured to receive anchoring pins, preferably anchoring pins having non-circular cross-sectional shafts that further increase implant-repulsion resistance.

Abstract: A dynamic bone fixation element for securing an elongated fixation element such as, a longitudinal rod or bone plate, to a patient's bone, preferably a vertebra. The dynamic bone fixation element preferably includes a bone fixation element and a flexible element for connecting the bone fixation element to the elongated fixation element. The flexible element preferably permits the elongated fixation element to move with respect to the bone fixation element and hence with respect to the bone affixed thereto. The flexible element preferably permits extension and/or compression of the elongated fixation element with respect to the bone fixation element and polyaxially movement of the elongated fixation element with respect to the bone fixation element. The flexible element is preferably in the form of a spring or a spring-like flexible element.