Abstract: A method of providing and using thermophilic microbes for the treatment of high temperature wastewater, for the treatment of wastewater in elevated environmental temperatures and both. High temperature wastewater treatment systems using thermophilic microbes for treating waste water for use in conjunction with an industrial facility, using water in its processing or manufacturing of products or materials, such as a paper mill, pulp mill or both. In Thermophilic treatment methods and systems provide solutions that allow, among other things, a manufacturing industry, such as the pulp and paper industry, to achieve one or more and all of: reduced energy costs; increased water conservation; and increased water recycling and reuse.