Abstract: Compositions of the empirical formula:Mo.sub.12 P.sub.0.1- Te.sub.0.01-2 M.sub.0.1-3 M'.sub.0.01-3 X.sub.a O.sub.bwhereM is at least one of K, Rb and Cs;M' is at least one of Cu and V;X is at least one of Ba, Zn, Ga, Nb, Cd, Ti, Ca, Bi, Mg, Ta, Zr, Ce, Ni, Co, Cr, Fe and Tl when a>0;a is a number of 0 to about 2; andb is a number that satisfies the valence requirements of the other elements present,are excellent catalysts for the oxydehydrogenation of saturated, lower aliphatic acids and esters to the corresponding unsaturated acids and esters.

Abstract: Olefinic acids and esters, such as methacrylic acid and methylmethacrylate, are prepared by contacting in the presence of molecular oxygen the corresponding saturated acid or ester, such as isobutyric acid or methylisobutyrate with the catalyst of the empirical formula:Mo.sub.12 P.sub.0.1-3 M.sub.0.1-3 Cu.sub.0.01-2 V.sub.0.01-2 X.sub.0.01-2 M'.sub.a O.sub.b (I)whereM is at least one of K, Rb and Cs;X is at least one of Ba, La, Ga, Al, Ag, Cd, Ti, Tl, Hg, Pb and Zn;M' is at least one of Fe, Co, Ni, Sr, Mn, In, Ta, Ge, S and Be when a >0;a is a number of 0 to about 2; andb is a number that satisfies the valence requirements of the other elements present.

Abstract: The invention herein is directed toward a process for the conversion of oxides of nitrogen to nitrogen gas by employing a reactant carbon fiber or inter host carbon material at a temperature of about 550.degree. C. The reactant material can be utilized alone or on a support material; in reactors such as fixed bed, fluid bed and radial flow; and, if desired, can be regenerated during the conversion process.

Abstract: Saturated, lower aliphatic acids and esters are oxydehydrogenated to the corresponding unsaturated acids and esters by use of a catalyst of the empirical formula:Mo.sub.12 P.sub.0.1-3 Bi.sub.0.01-2 M.sub.0.1-3 Cu.sub.0.01-2 V.sub.0.01-3 X.sub.a M'.sub.b O.sub.c (I)whereM is at least one of K, Rb and Cs;X is at least one of Ba, Zn, Ga, Cd, Ti, when a>0;M' is at least one of Ca, Mg, Ta, Zr, Ce, Ni, Co, Cr, Fe and Tl when b>0;a is a number of 0 to about 2;b is a number of 0 to about 2; andc is a number that satisfies the valence requirements of the other elements present.

Abstract: Compositions of the empirical formula:Mo.sub.12 P.sub.0.1-3 M.sub.0.1-3 Cu.sub.0.1-2 V.sub.0.1-2 X.sub.0.01-2 Y.sub.a O.sub.b (I)whereM is at least one of K, Rb and Cs;X is at least one of Ba, La, Ga, Al, Ag, Cd, Ti, Tl, Hg, Pb and Zn;Y is at least one of Fe, Co, Ni, Sr, Mn, In, Ta, Ge, S and Be when a>0;a is a number of 0 to about 2; andb is a number that satisfies the valence requirements of the other elements present,are excellent catalysts for the oxidation of methacrolein to methacrylic acid.

Abstract: Compositions of the empirical formula:Mo.sub.12 P.sub.0.1-3 Bi.sub.0.01-2 M.sub.0.1-3 Cu.sub.0.01-2 V.sub.0.01-3 X.sub.a Y.sub.b O.sub.cwhereM is at least one of K, Rb and Cs;X is at least one of Ba, Zn, Ga, Cd and Ti when a>0;Y is at least one of Ca, Mg, Ta, Zr, Ce, Ni, Co, Cr, Fe and Tl when b>0;a is a number of 0 to about 2;b is a number of 0 to about 2; andc is a number that satisfies the valence requirements of the other elements present,are excellent catalysts for the oxidation of methcrolein to methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A method for preparing attrition resistant, high percentage active component catalysts comprises using two types of silica, one of which is fumed silica, in a two stage catalyst preparation.

Abstract: Hydroperoxides are catalytically decomposed using a novel metal complex of the formula: ##STR1## wherein M is a positively charged metal or metal compound;Z is S, O, P, S--P, or S--S;L is C, P, or N; andA is selected from the group consisting of halogens; hydrogen; N--R wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, C.sub.1-30 alkyls and 4 to 8 membered aryls optionally substituted with one or more C.sub.1-20 alkyls and C.sub.1-20 alkoxys; and hydrocarbon groups containing up to 30 carbon atoms optionally substituted with halogen atoms, C.sub.1-12 hydroxy groups, C.sub.1-12 acid groups, C.sub.1-12 aldehyde groups, C.sub.1-12 ketone groups, and C.sub.1-10 nitrile groups; andwhereinn is 1 or 2; andb is 1, 2 or 3.These catalysts are especially effective in decomposing either cumene hydroperoxide or cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide to phenol.

Abstract: Hydroperoxides are catalytically decomposed using a novel metal complex of the formula: ##STR1## wherein M is a positively charged metal or metal compound;Z is S, O, P, S-P, or S-S;L is C, P, or N; andA is selected from the group consisting of halogens; hydrogen; N-R wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, C.sub.1-30 alkyls and 4 to 8 membered aryls optionally substituted with one or more C.sub.1-20 alkyls and C.sub.1-20 alkoxys; and hydrocarbon groups containing up to 30 carbon atoms optionally substituted with halogen atoms, C.sub.1-12 hydroxy groups, C.sub.1-12 acid groups, C.sub.1-12 aldehyde groups, C.sub.1-12 ketone groups, and C.sub.1-10 nitrile groups; andwhereinn is 1 or 2; andb is 1, 2 or 3.These catalysts are especially effective in decomposing either cumene hydroperoxide or cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide to phenol.