Abstract: A photographing optical system includes eight lens elements which are, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element, a seventh lens element and an eighth lens element. The eight lens elements each have an object-side surface facing toward the object side and an image-side surface facing toward the image side. The first lens element has positive refractive power. The fifth lens element has positive refractive power. The object-side surface of the seventh lens element is convex in a paraxial region thereof. The image-side surface of the eighth lens element is concave in a paraxial region thereof. At least one lens surface of at least one lens element of the photographing optical system has at least one critical point in an off-axis region thereof.

Abstract: In a method for forming an integrated semiconductor device, a first inter-layer dielectric (ILD) layer is formed over a semiconductor device that includes a first transistor structure, a two-dimensional (2D) material layer is formed over and in contact with the first ILD layer, the 2D material layer is patterned to form a channel layer of a second transistor structure, a source electrode and a drain electrode of the second transistor structure are formed over the patterned 2D material layer and laterally spaced apart from each other, a gate dielectric layer of the second transistor structure is formed over the patterned 2D material layer, the source electrode and the drain electrode, and a gate electrode of the second transistor structure is formed over the gate dielectric layer and laterally between the source electrode and the drain electrode.

Abstract: An installing module includes a seat bracket, a plurality of lower gaskets, a device bracket and an upper gasket. The seat bracket includes a first locking plate and a second locking plate locked to each other. The first locking plate includes a first concave and the second locking plate includes a second concave corresponding to the first concave. The lower gaskets are respectively disposed on the first concave and the second concave. The lower gaskets face each other and jointly define a lower assembly hole and are disposed on a lower side of a head-support fixer of a car seat. The device bracket is locked to the seat bracket and an electronic device is pivotally coupled to the device bracket. The upper gasket is disposed between the device bracket and the head-support fixer, and the head-support fixer is clamped between the upper gasket and the lower gaskets.

Abstract: An image capturing device includes a casing, a camera assembly, an adjustment element, a first stopping structure and a second stopping structure. The camera assembly is disposed within the casing. A portion of the camera assembly is exposed outside the casing. The adjustment element is connected with the camera assembly, and rotatable relative to the casing. As the adjustment element is rotated, the camera assembly is correspondingly rotated. The adjustment element includes a contacting structure. The first stopping structure and the second stopping structure are arranged between the casing and the adjustment element and located at different positions. When the camera assembly is switched to a horizontal photographing mode, the contacting structure is positioned at the first stopping structure. When the camera assembly is switched to a vertical photographing mode, the contacting structure is positioned at the second stopping structure.

Abstract: An image capturing device includes a casing, a camera assembly, an adjustment element, a first stopping structure and a second stopping structure. The camera assembly is disposed within the casing. A portion of the camera assembly is exposed outside the casing. The adjustment element is connected with the camera assembly, and rotatable relative to the casing. As the adjustment element is rotated, the camera assembly is correspondingly rotated. The adjustment element includes a contacting structure. The first stopping structure and the second stopping structure are arranged between the casing and the adjustment element and located at different positions. When the camera assembly is switched to a horizontal photographing mode, the contacting structure is positioned at the first stopping structure. When the camera assembly is switched to a vertical photographing mode, the contacting structure is positioned at the second stopping structure.

Abstract: A ring for clasping a cylindrical object includes a first element, a second element and a switch mechanism. The second element is circumferentially butted with the first element, and one end of the first element is adjacent to one end of the second element. The end of the second element has a protrusion protruding outwardly. The switch mechanism includes an abutting member adjacent to the end of the first element and configured to be rotated to abut against or move away from the protrusion of the end of the second element. When the abutting member is rotated and abuts against the protrusion of the end of the second element, the second element is fixed; when the abutting member is rotated and moves away from the protrusion of the end of the second element, the second element is released.

Abstract: A server, a server management system and a server management method are disclosed. The server comprises a field replaceable unit (FRU) memory and a baseboard management controller (BMC). The FRU memory stores an FRU data. The BMC receives an FRU access command from a remote management computer via an intelligent platform management interface (IPMI). The FRU access command comprises an FRU identification (ID). The BMC determines whether the FRU ID belongs to the FRU memory. If the FRU ID does not belong to the FRU memory, the BMC accesses a custom file according to the FRU ID. The custom file is different from the FRU data.

Abstract: A server, a server management system and a server management method are disclosed. The server comprises a field replaceable unit (FRU) memory and a baseboard management controller (BMC). The FRU memory stores an FRU data. The BMC receives an FRU access command from a remote management computer via an intelligent platform management interface (IPMI). The FRU access command comprises an FRU identification (ID). The BMC determines whether the FRU ID belongs to the FRU memory. If the FRU ID does not belong to the FRU memory, the BMC accesses a custom file according to the FRU ID. The custom file is different from the FRU data.

Abstract: A server system and a redundant management method are provided. The server system includes a first central management board (CMB), a second CMB, a server and a redundant circuit board (RCB). The RCB includes a communication bus, a shared storage device, a storage switch circuit, and a redundant switch module. The communication bus communicates the first CMB with the second CMB. The storage switch circuit connects the shared storage device to the first CMB or the second CMB. The first CMB or second CMB acquires the system mastery of the server via the redundant switch module.