Abstract: Measurement circuitry for a biaxial inclinometer having electrolytic fluid incorporates a Schmitt trigger for measuring the resistance of each leg of the inclinometer by measuring the frequency output of the Schmitt trigger circuit while each leg is placed across input and output terminals. Switching is accomplished by cycling analog multiplexers as solid-state switches under control of a microprocessor. To minimize net dc current across any leg, legs are periodically reversed in polarity as they are switched into the Schmitt trigger circuit for measurement. Additionally, in the wiring of the switching multiplexers to the inclinometer legs, an additional analog multiplexer is switched to place a low clamp resistance in parallel with each leg not being measured in a cycle, to compensate for leakage current.

Abstract: A circuit for responding to the output of a capacitive fuel sensor that can distinguish gasoline from methanol and produces an output that is related to the methanol proportion. The response is independent of the conductivity in the sensor resulting from fuel contamination. A square wave is employed to excite the sensor and the circuit provides for stabilizing the square wave amplitude. The circuit includes an amplitude modulation detector that converts the square wave transients into a fuel composition related voltage output that can be applied to an engine control mechanism that will adjust the automotive engine to operate efficiently with the fuel being supplied. Circuits are shown for linearizing the fuel composition to voltage response and a charge dispenser amplitude modulation detector is described wherein the detection occurs only during the square wave transient interval.

Abstract: An automotive voltage regulator is disclosed to have plural regulated outputs using a transient protected isolator output stage (TPIOS) that prevents a system fault condition on any one output from adversely affecting the other outputs. In an automotive environment employing a nominal 14-volt supply, an individual output can be taken from -4 to +26 volts without causing damage or having any significant reaction on the non-faulted outputs. The circuit employs a relatively small NPN output pass transistor and, therefore, requires a relatively low value stabilizing bypass capacitor.