Abstract: An information handling system includes a printed circuit board, a screw, and a processor. The printed circuit board includes a through hole via. The through hole via includes top and bottom sections plated with a conductive plating material, and a middle section without any conductive plating material. The screw in physical communication with the top, middle, and bottom sections of the through hole via in the printed circuit board. The processor determines whether an electrical circuit is formed between the screw, the top section of the through hole via, and the bottom section of the through hole via. Based on the determination of the electrical circuit being formed, the processor provides an indication that no intrusion has been made into the information handling system.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a single diffusion break (SDB) structure dividing a fin-shaped structure into a first portion and a second portion, an isolation structure on the SDB structure, a first spacer adjacent to the isolation structure, a metal gate adjacent to the isolation structure, a shallow trench isolation (STI around the fin-shaped structure, and a second isolation structure on the STI. Preferably, a top surface of the first spacer is lower than a top surface of the isolation structure and a bottom surface of the first spacer is lower than a bottom surface of the metal gate.

Abstract: An acute kidney injury predicting system and a method thereof are proposed. A processor reads the data to be tested, the detection data, the machine learning algorithm and the risk probability comparison table from a main memory. The processor trains the detection data according to the machine learning algorithm to generate an acute kidney injury prediction model, and inputs the data to be tested into the acute kidney injury prediction model to generate an acute kidney injury characteristic risk probability and a data sequence table. The data sequence table lists the data to be tested in sequence according to a proportion of each of the data to be tested in the acute kidney injury characteristics. The processor selects one of the medical treatment data from the risk probability comparison table according to the acute kidney injury characteristic risk probability.

Abstract: An open-loop inductor current emulating circuit is provided. A current sensor circuit senses a current flowing through a first terminal of a low-side switch to output a current sensed signal. An emulation controller circuit outputs a plurality of charging current signals according to currents of a plurality of rising waveforms of the current sensed signal. The emulation controller circuit outputs a plurality of discharging current signals according to currents of a plurality of falling waveforms of the current sensed signal. A charging and discharging circuit generates a plurality of charging currents according to the charging current signals, and generates a plurality of discharging currents according to the discharging current signals. The charging and discharging circuit alternatively outputs the charging currents and the discharging currents to the capacitor to charge and discharge the capacitor multiple times, thereby achieving a purpose of emulating an inductor current.

Abstract: A switching charger for supplying stable power is provided. First input terminals of first and fourth operational amplifiers and a second input terminal of a second operational amplifier are connected to a battery. A second input terminal of the first operational amplifier is coupled to a reference voltage. A first input terminal of the second operational amplifier and a second input terminal of the fourth operational amplifier are connected to an inductor. A first input terminal of a third operational amplifier is connected to an input power source. A second input terminal of the third operational amplifier is connected to a system circuit. A first selector circuit is connected to output terminals of the third and fourth operational amplifiers. A second selector circuit is connected to output terminals of the first and second operational amplifiers and the first selector circuit.

Abstract: A closed-loop inductor current emulating circuit is provided. An emulation controller circuit generates an emulating signal according to a current flowing through a first terminal of a low-side switch of a power converter. When the emulation controller circuit outputs the emulating signal to a charging and discharging circuit, the charging and discharging circuit outputs a charging and discharging signal to a first terminal of a capacitor according to the emulating signal. When the emulation controller circuit outputs the emulating signal to a control terminal of the capacitor to adjust a capacitance of the capacitor, the charging and discharging circuit outputs a charging and discharging signal to the first terminal of the capacitor according to one or both of an input voltage and an output voltage of the power converter.

Abstract: A transient response improving system and method with a prediction mechanism of an error amplified signal are provided. A current sensor circuit senses a current flowing through a first resistor connected between an adapter and an electronic device. When the current is larger than a current threshold, a predicting circuit calculates a target voltage level based on a common voltage and a voltage of the battery and instantly pulls up or down a voltage level of the error amplified signal to the target voltage level. A comparator compares the error amplified signal with a ramp signal to output a comparison signal. A controller circuit controls a driver circuit to switch a high-side switch and a low-side switch according to the comparison signal.

Abstract: A transient response improving system and method with a prediction mechanism of an error amplified signal are provided. A current sensor circuit senses a current flowing through a first resistor connected between an adapter and an electronic device. When the current is larger than a current threshold, a predicting circuit calculates a target voltage level based on a common voltage and a voltage of the battery and instantly pulls up or down a voltage level of the error amplified signal to the target voltage level. A comparator compares the error amplified signal with a ramp signal to output a comparison signal. A controller circuit controls a driver circuit to switch a high-side switch and a low-side switch according to the comparison signal.

Abstract: A power failure prevention system and method with a power management mechanism are provided. A switch circuit is connected to a first terminal of an inductor. An energy storage circuit is connected to the switch circuit. A pre-charged circuit is connected to an input power source and a second terminal of the inductor. A pre-charging control circuit is connected to the pre-charged circuit and configured to obtain a voltage of a node between the pre-charged circuit and the second terminal of the inductor, a voltage of the switch circuit or a voltage of the energy storage circuit as a pre-charged voltage. The input power source pre-charges the pre-charged circuit. When the pre-charging control circuit determines that the pre-charged voltage is higher than or equal to a reference voltage, the pre-charging control circuit controls the pre-charged circuit, allowing the input power source to charge the energy storage circuit.

Abstract: An adaptive frequency adjusting system is provided. An error amplifier outputs an error amplified signal according to an output voltage of a power converter and a reference voltage. When a comparator determines that a voltage of a slope signal reaches a voltage of the error amplified signal within a maximum on-time of an upper bridge switch, the comparator outputs a reset signal. When the comparator determines that the voltage of the slope signal fails to reach the voltage of the error amplified signal and the maximum on-time ends, the comparator outputs the reset signal and instructs a clock generator to output a clock signal having a lower frequency. A driver circuit turns off the upper bridge switch and turns on a lower bridge switch according to the reset signal, and drives the upper bridge switch based on the clock signal having the lower frequency.

Abstract: A charger having a fast transient response and a control method thereof are provided, which decide how to quickly respond to a requirement of a load by determining whether an input current reference signal indicating an input current is larger than or equal to a maximum safe current of a transformer. Therefore, the charger and the control method realize the fast transient response without having to control switching between a boost circuit and a buck circuit. Meanwhile, the charger and the control method thereof can be prevented from being damaged by an excessive input current and can stabilize an output voltage of the load more quickly.

Abstract: A power failure prevention system and method with a power management mechanism are provided. A switch circuit is connected to a first terminal of an inductor. An energy storage circuit is connected to the switch circuit. A pre-charged circuit is connected to an input power source and a second terminal of the inductor. A pre-charging control circuit is connected to the pre-charged circuit and configured to obtain a voltage of a node between the pre-charged circuit and the second terminal of the inductor, a voltage of the switch circuit or a voltage of the energy storage circuit as a pre-charged voltage. The input power source pre-charges the pre-charged circuit. When the pre-charging control circuit determines that the pre-charged voltage is higher than or equal to a reference voltage, the pre-charging control circuit controls the pre-charged circuit, allowing the input power source to charge the energy storage circuit.

Abstract: An adaptive frequency adjusting system is provided. An error amplifier outputs an error amplified signal according to an output voltage of a power converter and a reference voltage. When a comparator determines that a voltage of a slope signal reaches a voltage of the error amplified signal within a maximum on-time of an upper bridge switch, the comparator outputs a reset signal. When the comparator determines that the voltage of the slope signal fails to reach the voltage of the error amplified signal and the maximum on-time ends, the comparator outputs the reset signal and instructs a clock generator to output a clock signal having a lower frequency. A driver circuit turns off the upper bridge switch and turns on a lower bridge switch according to the reset signal, and drives the upper bridge switch based on the clock signal having the lower frequency.

Abstract: Disclosed are a non-narrow voltage direct current (NON-NVDC) charger and a control method thereof. In the present disclosure, a proper target voltage, related to a turn-on voltage of a switch circuit, is determined according to an output voltage of a load, a storage voltage of an energy storage device and a turn-on resistance value of the switch circuit. Then, according to the determined target voltage, the NON-NVDC charger can enter a supplement mode at an appropriate time. The NON-NVDC charger can be operated stably and has excellent operation efficiency even when a current flowing through a transformer close to a maximum safe current.

Abstract: An abnormal power failure control system and a method thereof are provided. The system includes a first comparator, a boost-buck control circuit, a logic control circuit, a switch circuit, a current sensor circuit, a current slope comparator circuit, a second comparator, and a mode switching circuit. The first comparator compares a stored power with a first reference voltage source to output a first voltage compared signal. The boost-buck control circuit outputs a boost-buck control signal and the logic control circuit accordingly controls the switch circuit. The current slope comparator circuit determines change of a slope of a current of the switch circuit. The second comparator compares the stored power with the second reference voltage to output a second voltage compared signal. The mode switching circuit instructs the logic control circuit to control the switch circuit.

Abstract: Disclosed are a non-narrow voltage direct current (NON-NVDC) charger and a control method thereof. In the present disclosure, a proper target voltage, related to a turn-on voltage of a switch circuit, is determined according to an output voltage of a load, a storage voltage of an energy storage device and a turn-on resistance value of the switch circuit. Then, according to the determined target voltage, the NON-NVDC charger can enter a supplement mode at an appropriate time. The NON-NVDC charger can be operated stably and has excellent operation efficiency even when a current flowing through a transformer close to a maximum safe current.

Abstract: A charger having a fast transient response and a control method thereof are provided, which decide how to quickly respond to a requirement of a load by determining whether an input current reference signal indicating an input current is larger than or equal to a maximum safe current of a transformer. Therefore, the charger and the control method realize the fast transient response without having to control switching between a boost circuit and a buck circuit. Meanwhile, the charger and the control method thereof can be prevented from being damaged by an excessive input current and can stabilize an output voltage of the load more quickly.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a self-adaptive startup compensation device. The self-adaptive startup compensation device provides an operational transconductance amplifier that outputs a bias current to the error amplifier of the negative feedback loop of the DC-to-DC converter in such a manner that the error amplifier adjusts the error amplifier signal to be outputted, thereby adjusting the compensation signal generated by the negative feedback loop during a startup period.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a self-adaptive startup compensation device. The self-adaptive startup compensation device provides an operational transconductance amplifier that outputs a bias current to the error amplifier of the negative feedback loop of the DC-to-DC converter in such a manner that the error amplifier adjusts the error amplifier signal to be outputted, thereby adjusting the compensation signal generated by the negative feedback loop during a startup period.

Abstract: The instant disclosure provides a self-adaptive startup compensation device for a DC-to-DC converter and a method thereof. The self-adaptive startup compensation method provides an operational transconductance amplifier that outputs a bias current to the error amplifier of the negative feedback loop of the DC-to-DC converter in such a manner that the error amplifier adjusts the error amplifier signal to be outputted, thereby adjusting the compensation signal generated by the negative feedback loop during a startup period.