Abstract: Disclosed are semiconductor devices, electronic systems including the same, and methods of fabricating the same. The semiconductor device comprises a first gate stack structure including a first dielectric pattern and a first conductive pattern that are alternately stacked with each other, a memory channel structure including a first memory portion that penetrates the first gate stack structure, a through contact including a first through portion at a level the same as a level of the first memory portion, and a connection contact including a first connection portion at a level the same as the level of the first memory portion and the level of the first through portion. A minimum width of the first memory portion is less than a minimum width of the first through portion and a minimum width of the first connection portion.

Abstract: A hinge device of a portable terminal with a foldable structure according to the present invention includes: housing positioned between one end of a first body and one end of a second body; first hinge blade and second hinge blade fixed to the first body and the second body, respectively, and supported against the housing to rotate at a predetermined angle between an ‘unfolded position’ in which the first body and the second body are placed on the same horizontal line and a ‘folded position’ in which the first body and the second body face each other and thus come into contact with each other; and first interlocking gear and second interlocking gear for interlocking the first hinge blade and the second hinge blade with each other so that the first hinge blade and the second hinge blade move relative to each other, wherein the first interlocking gear and the second interlocking gear are mounted on the corresponding housing in such a way as to rotate relative to each other by a predetermined angle around gear s

Abstract: Provided is an organic light-emitting device including: an anode; a cathode facing the anode; two or more light-emitting layers provided between the anode and the cathode and each having a maximum light emission peak of ?500 nm (?500 nm emission layer); and a light-emitting layer provided between the two or more ?500 nm emission layers, and having a maximum light emission peak at >500 nm (>500 nm emission layer), where a distance from the anode to the ?500 nm emission layer most adjacent to the anode is 100 nm to 200 nm, the distance from the anode to the ?500 nm emission most adjacent to the cathode is three to four times the distance from the anode to the ?500 nm emission layer most adjacent to the anode, and an N-type charge generation layer including an alkali metal and a P-type charge generation layer including a material with an electron affinity of ?4.8 eV are provided between each of the ?500 nm emission layers and the emission >500 nm emission layer.

Abstract: A display device includes: a pixel circuit layer including a plurality of transistors; first partition wall and a second partition wall on the pixel circuit layer, each of the first and second partition walls having a shape protruding in a thickness direction; a first electrode and a second electrode on the same layer and respectively on the first partition wall and the second partition wall; a light emitting element between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a semiconductor pattern directly on the first electrode.

Abstract: A sensor device includes: a sensor panel including sensors arranged in a matrix form and sensor lines electrically connected to the sensors one-to-one; and a sensor driver configured to receive sensing signals from the sensors through the sensor lines, wherein the sensor driver is configured to simultaneously receive a first sensing signal from a first sensor using a first reference signal and a second sensing signal from a second sensor using a second reference signal, wherein the first reference signal and the second reference signal have a same waveform, a phase of the second reference signal is different from a phase of the first reference signal, and wherein a phase of the second sensing signal is different from a phase of the first sensing signal.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus which comprises: a plurality of transistors coupled to an input power supply and to a load; a first comparator with a first node coupled to the load, and a second node coupled to a first reference; a second comparator with a first node coupled to the load, and a second node coupled to a second reference, the second reference being different from the first reference; and a logic unit to receive output of the first comparator and output of the second comparator, the logic unit to turn on or off transistors of the plurality of transistors according to outputs of the first and second comparators.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a flat substrate heating apparatus including a module support plate having a plurality of unit module regions placed on an upper surface thereof; a plurality of laser light source modules having a plurality of laser light source devices and seated on unit module regions of the module support plate, respectively; a power supply board placed below the module support plate and configured to supply power to the laser light source module; and an electrode terminal electrically connecting the laser light source module and the power supply board while detachably securing them to upper and lower surfaces of the module support plate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides substrate heat-treating apparatus including a process chamber in which a flat substrate to be heat treated is placed, the process chamber comprising a beam irradiating plate placed below the flat substrate and an infrared transmitting plate placed above the flat substrate; a beam irradiating module for irradiating a laser beam to a lower surface of the flat substrate through the beam irradiating plate; and a gas circulation cooling module for spraying a cooling gas to an upper surface of the infrared transmitting plate, thereby cooling the infrared transmitting plate.

Abstract: An optical modulator is disposed in front of an eye along a direction in which light enters the eye to modulate the properties of light depending on the degree of opacity of the eye.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a lower structure and an upper structure on the lower structure. The lower structure includes a first semiconductor substrate, a first pad and a first dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer surrounds the first pad and exposes a top surface of the first pad. The upper structure includes a second semiconductor substrate, a second pad and a second dielectric layer. The second dielectric layer surrounds the second pad and exposes a bottom surface of the second pad. The first pad and the second pad are bonded to each other across an interfacial layer to couple the upper and lower structures to each other. The first and second pads and the interfacial layer include a same metallic material. The first and second pads have a substantially same average grain size and the interfacial layer has a different average grain size than the first and second pads.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a headlight magnifier which is worn on an operator's head during a precise manual operation, and allows the operator to magnify and see a work area while illuminating the work area, such that the operator may use the present invention to see the work area in a comfortable position at two magnifications with the help of excellent lighting.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a hydrogen tank support apparatus, and the hydrogen tank support apparatus according to the present disclosure includes: a hydrogen storage tank; a frame portion on which the hydrogen storage tank is seated; and a sliding block portion configured to fix a nozzle portion of the hydrogen storage tank to the frame portion, wherein the sliding block portion includes a lower block portion fixed to the frame portion, an upper block portion coupled to the lower block portion in a concave-convex manner so that movement of the hydrogen storage tank is limited in a longitudinal direction and a width direction of the hydrogen storage tank, and a slide ball portion configured to surround an outer side surface of the nozzle portion, interposed between the lower block portion and the upper block portion, and configured to rotatably support the nozzle portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: an underwater tunnel construction method for constructing an underwater tunnel by successively coupling new tunnel modules to the end of an already-constructed body part while moving a launching girder forward, wherein the new tunnel modules are sunk up to the opening of the launching girder and then introduced into the launching girder by using guide cables; and an underwater tunnel constructed by the construction method.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of bit line structures spaced apart from each other over the semiconductor substrate and each including a stacked structure of a bit line and a bit line hard mask; a contact pad positioned over the semiconductor substrate between the neighboring bit line structures; a contact structure including a stacked structure of a first contact formed over the contact pad and a second contact having a greater line width than the first contact; a first spacer structure interposed between the first contact and each of the bit line structures; and a second spacer structure interposed between the second contact and each of the bit line structures and having a smaller dielectric constant than the first spacer structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a PON power meter using multi input type AWG, including a first input part into which a first signal is input, wherein the first signal has S optical signals whose wavelengths are different from each other; a second input part into which a second signal is input, wherein the second signal has P optical signals whose wavelengths are different from each other; an AWG that distributes the input signal to M output waveguides according to wavelength band; a detection part configuring (S+P) detection channels by connecting a photodetection element to only (S+P) output waveguides of the M output waveguides of the AWG; and an output part that outputs a strength of the signal detected by the detection part.

Abstract: Proposed is a dynamometer for measuring load of a rotary shaft to be tested, the dynamometer comprising: a dynamometer shaft connected to the rotary shaft to be tested; a casing part having a through hole through which the dynamometer shaft passes, and a water supply chamber and a drain chamber therein; a stator part including a first stator and a second stator to be spaced apart from each other; a toroidal chamber partitioning part partitioning a toroidal chamber into a first toroidal chamber and a second toroidal chamber, wherein the toroidal chamber partitioning part comprises a runner and a guide ring, forming a drain slot through which the fluid is discharged from the first toroidal chamber and the second toroidal chamber to the drain chamber; and a flow adjusting part adjusting flow rate of the fluid.

Abstract: A hydrodynamic-type hydraulic dynamometer is provided. The hydrodynamic-type hydraulic dynamometer includes a shaft rotatably mounted by a plurality of bearings, a stator fixed around the shaft and having a toroidal chamber therein, a runner rotatably coupled to the shaft and causing a fluid introduced into the toroidal chamber to flow therethrough, an inner ring mounted to extend inwardly from a radially outer side of the toroidal chamber and having a control slit formed therethrough, and a shutter configured to adjust an opening degree of the control slit.

Abstract: A touch sensing device for preventing occurrence of electromagnetic interference (EMI) due to a clock includes a touch controller configured to operate in a write mode during a display period and operate in a read request mode or a read operation mode during a touch sensing period, and a touch driver configured to receive touch sensing data from a touch sensor during the touch sensing period and transmit the touch sensing data to the touch controller through a first bus and a second bus. The first bus is used for clock transmission in the write mode and the read request mode and is used for data transmission in the read operation mode. The second bus is used for data transmission in the write mode, the read request mode, and the read operation mode.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a touch sensing device including a first touch controller configured to transmit and receive data, wherein the first touch controller includes a clock terminal and a plurality of input/output terminals, and ternary data is transmitted and received through the clock terminal and at least two terminals among the plurality of input/output terminals of the first touch controller, and binary data is transmitted through the remaining input/output terminals.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus for transmitting power generated by a power generation apparatus to a generator and a power generation system including the same are provided. The power transmission apparatus for transmitting power generated by the power generation apparatus to the generator may include a first disk part connected to one of the power generation apparatus and the generator, a second disk part connected to the other one of the power generation apparatus and the generator and disposed on a rear side of the first disk part, and a connection part configured to connect the first disk part and the second disk part and include a portion that decreases and then increases in diameter along a longitudinal direction.