Abstract: A novel fibrous membrane comprises at least one substrate layer comprising at least 80% by weight of microfibers that carry positively charged and/or negatively charged functional groups, and at least one layer of filtration material attached to the substrate layer, wherein the layer of filtration material comprises at least 80% by weight of nanofibers that carry negatively charged and/or positively charged functional groups. The fibrous membrane is able to remove or reduce the concentration of bacteria, viruses and heavy metals while maintaining relatively high water flow. A filter comprising the fibrous membrane and a method for manufacturing the fibrous membrane are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a particle-coated fiber comprising a fiber and particles coated on the fiber, and a method for forming the same. The method comprises: providing a suspension comprising the particles; providing a polymer solution for forming the fiber; electrospraying the suspension toward an area of a collector; and during the electrospraying of the suspension, electrospinning the polymer solution into the fiber and directing the fiber toward the area so as to meet with the suspension on the area and on the way to the area such that the particles are coated on the fiber during and after the formation of the fiber thereby forming the particle-coated fiber on the area. By the present method, the particles can be crowed on the surface of the fiber, and the adhesiveness between the fiber and the particles can be substantially enhanced.

Abstract: A novel fibrous membrane comprises at least one substrate layer comprising at least 80% by weight of microfibers that carry positively charged and/or negatively charged functional groups, and at least one layer of filtration material attached to the substrate layer, wherein the layer of filtration material comprises at least 80% by weight of nanofibers that carry negatively charged and/or positively charged functional groups. The fibrous membrane is able to remove or reduce the concentration of bacteria, viruses and heavy metals while maintaining relatively high water flow. A filter comprising the fibrous membrane and a method for manufacturing the fibrous membrane are also provided.