Abstract: A CRISPR electrochemical biosensing system (E-CRISPR) for detection of analytes includes a disposable, micro-fabricated three-electrode sensor that includes a working electrode, a counter electrode, a reference electrode, and a nonspecific ssDNA reporter with an electrochemical tag for signal transduction tethered to a surface of the working electrode; and a Cas12a-crRNA duplex that is designed to specifically recognize and cleave target nucleic acid strand based on the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence of the target and crRNA sequence, wherein the PAM recognition depends on specific 5? TTTN nucleic acid sequence located at an opposite strand of a recognition strand, and wherein only upon the recognition of the PAM sequence by the Cas protein, the Cas protein, acting as a DNA helicase, unwinds the target DNA.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of lead includes a substrate, a working electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, a counter electrode formed on the surface of the substrate, a dielectric layer covering a portion of the working electrode and counter electrode and defining an aperture exposing other portions of the working electrode and counter electrode. The working electrode includes a metalized film with working surface and a monolayer (or bilayer) of bismuth deposited on the working surface by underpotential deposition.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of analyte includes a substrate, a working electrode and counter electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, and an antibody bioconjugated to a surface of an exposed portion of the working electrode.

Abstract: A CRISPR electrochemical biosensing system (E-CRISPR) for detection of analytes includes a disposable, micro-fabricated three-electrode sensor that includes a working electrode, a counter electrode, a reference electrode, and a nonspecific ssDNA reporter with an electrochemical tag for signal transduction tethered to a surface of the working electrode; and a Cas12a-crRNA duplex that is designed to specifically recognize and cleave target nucleic acid strand based on the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence of the target and crRNA sequence, wherein the PAM recognition depends on specific 5? TTTN nucleic acid sequence located at an opposite strand of a recognition strand, and wherein only upon the recognition of the PAM sequence by the Cas protein, the Cas protein, acting as a DNA helicase, unwinds the target DNA,

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of AMACR and/or PSA includes a substrate, a working electrode and counter electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, and an anti-AMACR antibody and/or anti-PSA antibody bioconjugated to a surface of an exposed portion of the working electrode.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of HbA1c in a sample includes a substrate, a working electrode and counter electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, and an anti-HbA1c antibody functionalized or chemically functionalized to a surface of an exposed portion of the working electrode.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of 17?-estradiol in a sample includes a substrate, a working electrode and counter electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, and an anti-estrogen receptor functionalized or chemically functionalized to a surface of an exposed portion of the working electrode.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) includes a substrate, a working electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, a counter electrode formed on the surface of the substrate, a dielectric layer covering a portion of the working electrode and counter electrode and defining an aperture exposing other portions of the working electrode and counter electrode.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of an analyte in a biological sample includes a substrate, a working electrode and counter electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, and a receptor functionalized or chemically functionalized to a surface of an exposed portion of the working electrode. The receptor can selectively bind to the analyte of interest and the analyte once bound is detectable by measuring the current flow between the working electrode and counter electrode.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of lead includes a substrate, a working electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, a counter electrode formed on the surface of the substrate, a dielectric layer covering a portion of the working electrode and counter electrode and defining an aperture exposing other portions of the working electrode and counter electrode. The working electrode includes a metalized film with working surface and a monolayer (or bilayer) of bismuth deposited on the working surface by underpotential deposition.

Abstract: A detection system for determining pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) levels in a bodily sample includes at least one reaction solution for generating NAD+ upon combination with PDH in the bodily sample, the reaction solution including pyruvate and NADH and a biosensor for determining the level of generated NAD+.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of analyte includes a substrate, a working electrode and counter electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, and an antibody bioconjugated to a surface of an exposed portion of the working electrode.

Abstract: A detection system for determining pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) levels in a bodily sample includes at least one reaction solution for generating NAD+ upon combination with PDH in the bodily sample, the reaction solution including pyruvate and NADH and a biosensor for determining the level of generated NAD+.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte-based sensor is disclosed. The sensor includes a conductive polymer electrolyte film including water-retaining components. The water-retaining components facilitate operational conductivity of the conductive polymer electrolyte film in lower humidity environments than would be possible without the water-retaining components.

Abstract: A non-enzymatic sensor for the detection of glucose includes a substrate, a working electrode formed on a surface of the substrate; a counter electrode formed on the surface of the substrate; a dielectric layer covering a portion of the working electrode and counter electrode and defining an aperture exposing other portions of the working electrode and counter electrode; and a cuprous oxide (Cu2O) film electrodeposited on the working electrode.

Abstract: A detection system for determining alpha-methylacyl-CoA (AMACR) levels in a bodily sample includes at least one reaction solution for generating H2O2 upon combination with AMACR in the bodily sample and a biosensor for determining a level of generated H2O2. The reaction solution includes a (2R)-2-methylacyl-CoA epimer that can be chirally inverted by AMACR to a (2S)-2-methylacyl-CoA epimer and an enzyme that carries out beta oxidation with the (2S)-2-methylacyl-CoA epimer to generate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

Abstract: A detection system for determining lysyl oxidase-like 2 protein (LOXL2) levels in a bodily sample, includes at least one reaction solution for generating H2O2 upon combination with LOXL2 in the bodily sample, the reaction solution including lysine that can be oxidatively deaminated by LOXL2 to generate ?-aminoadipic-?-semialdehyde (allysine) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of GPC-1 in a sample includes a substrate, a working electrode and counter electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, and an anti-GPC-1 antibody functionalized or chemically functionalized to a surface of an exposed portion of the working electrode.

Abstract: A detection system for determining lysyl oxidase-like 2 protein (LOXL2) levels in a bodily sample, includes at least one reaction solution for generating H2O2 upon combination with LOXL2 in the bodily sample, the reaction solution including lysine that can be oxidatively deaminated by LOXL2 to generate ?-aminoadipic-?-semialdehyde (allysine) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of HbA1c in a sample includes a substrate, a working electrode and counter electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, and an anti-HbA1c antibody functionalized or chemically functionalized to a surface of an exposed portion of the working electrode.