Abstract: Pulse-width modulation (PWM) circuits and methods integrate a feedback signal and an input signal to generate an integral signal, and generate a PWM signal by switching an output node from a first source voltage to a second source voltage based upon comparing the integral signal with a first reference voltage, and switching the output node from the second source voltage to the first source voltage based upon comparing the integral signal with a second reference voltage. A comparator unit compares the integral signal with the first and second reference (threshold) voltages, and a drive circuit for buffering the comparator unit's output signals generates drive signals. A feedback circuit generates the feedback signal based on (e.g., proportional with) the PWM signal. The switching circuit may include a P-type switch (e.g., PMOS transistor) and a N-type switch (e.g., NMOS transistor). Associated class-D audio amplifiers and modulation methods are provided.

Abstract: A class-D power amplifier, which prevents excessive response phenomenon from occurring when returning to a steady state from an abnormal state and an amplification method of the class-D power amplifier are provided. The class-D power amplifier prevents an integral control circuit or a proportional integral control circuit from becoming saturated by using sub-negative feedback loop operations, without using a high-capacity output blocking switch in an initial state or an abnormal state. Thus, suppressing pop noise due to the excessive response phenomenon caused when the class-D power amplifier returns to the steady state from the initial state or the abnormal state and reducing power consumption.

Abstract: Pulse-width modulation (PWM) circuits and methods integrate a feedback signal and an input signal to generate an integral signal, and generate a PWM signal by switching an output node from a first source voltage to a second source voltage based upon comparing the integral signal with a first reference voltage, and switching the output node from the second source voltage to the first source voltage based upon comparing the integral signal with a second reference voltage. A comparator unit compares the integral signal with the first and second reference (threshold) voltages, and a drive circuit for buffering the comparator unit's output signals generates drive signals. A feedback circuit generates the feedback signal based on (e.g., proportional with) the PWM signal. The switching circuit may include a P-type switch (e.g., PMOS transistor) and a N-type switch (e.g., NMOS transistor). Associated class-D audio amplifiers and modulation methods are provided.

Abstract: An amplitude modulation detector use peak detection. A CAS (Customer premise equipment Alert Signal) detection apparatus and a caller information detection apparatus use the peak detection and methods for CAS and the caller information detection. The CAS detection apparatus includes a mixing unit, an amplitude modulation detection unit, and a frequency discriminating unit. The mixing unit mixes two or more frequency components of the input signal to generate an amplitude modulated signal including a carrier and an envelope. The amplitude modulation detection unit measures the envelope. Also, the frequency discriminating unit detects whether the frequency of the envelope is in a predetermined range to discriminate whether the CAS is present. Thus, the existence of the CAS can be detected through a single path by mixing a dual tone CAS signal, and can be accurately detected by discriminating the frequency the envelope.

Abstract: A class-D power amplifier, which prevents excessive response phenomenon from occurring when returning to a steady state from an abnormal state and an amplification method of the class-D power amplifier are provided. The class-D power amplifier prevents an integral control circuit or a proportional integral control circuit from becoming saturated by using sub-negative feedback loop operations, without using a high-capacity output blocking switch in an initial state or an abnormal state. Thus, suppressing pop noise due to the excessive response phenomenon caused when the class-D power amplifier returns to the steady state from the initial state or the abnormal state and reducing power consumption.

Abstract: A caller identification (ID) demodulating apparatus and method using multiple thresholds. An apparatus according to one embodiment comprises a zero crossing detector for generating pulses at points where the modulated caller ID information crosses zero and outputs each pulse as a zero crossing signal, a data extractor for computing a zero crossing interval between each output pulse of the zero crossing signal, and comparing the zero crossing interval with a plurality of thresholds to generate extracted data, and a clock generator for generating a data recovery clock signal for recovering the extracted data in response to the extracted data, wherein the data recovery clock signal is enabled at the middle point of the unit data length of the extracted data. The apparatus and method use multiple thresholds to extract data from caller ID modulated in a CPFSK format, thereby accurately extracting data at an interval where data “0” and “1” coexist.

Abstract: An amplitude modulation detector use peak detection. A CAS (Customer premise equipment Alert Signal) detection apparatus and a caller information detection apparatus use the peak detection and methods for CAS and the caller information detection. The CAS detection apparatus includes a mixing unit, an amplitude modulation detection unit, and a frequency discriminating unit. The mixing unit mixes two or more frequency components of the input signal to generate an amplitude modulated signal including a carrier and an envelope. The amplitude modulation detection unit measures the envelope. Also, the frequency discriminating unit detects whether the frequency of the envelope is in a predetermined range to discriminate whether the CAS is present. Thus, the existence of the CAS can be detected through a single path by mixing a dual tone CAS signal, and can be accurately detected by discriminating the frequency the envelope.

Abstract: A caller identification (ID) demodulating apparatus and method using multiple thresholds. An apparatus according to one embodiment comprises a zero crossing detector for generating pulses at points where the modulated caller ID information crosses zero and outputs each pulse as a zero crossing signal, a data extractor for computing a zero crossing interval between each output pulse of the zero crossing signal, and comparing the zero crossing interval with a plurality of thresholds to generate extracted data, and a clock generator for generating a data recovery clock signal for recovering the extracted data in response to the extracted data, wherein the data recovery clock signal is enabled at the middle point of the unit data length of the extracted data. The apparatus and method use multiple thresholds to extract data from caller ID modulated in a CPFSK format, thereby accurately extracting data at an interval where data “0” and “1” coexist.

Abstract: An amplitude modulation detector use peak detection. A CAS (Customer premise equipment Alert Signal) detection apparatus and a caller information detection apparatus use the peak detection and methods for CAS and the caller information detection. The CAS detection apparatus includes a mixing unit, an amplitude modulation detection unit, and a frequency discriminating unit. The mixing unit mixes two or more frequency components of the input signal to generate an amplitude modulated signal including a carrier and an envelope. The amplitude modulation detection unit measures the envelope. Also, the frequency discriminating unit detects whether the frequency of the envelope is in a predetermined range to discriminate whether the CAS is present. Thus, the existence of the CAS can be detected through a single path by mixing a dual tone CAS signal, and can be accurately detected by discriminating the frequency the envelope.

Abstract: Disclosed is a frequency shift keying (FSK) signal demodulator which demodulates binary data encoded in FSK format. A square wave generator generates a continuously repeating square wave signal by detecting zero-crossings of an FSK-modulated signal having a first frequency and a second frequency. The square wave signal is sampled at a sampling rate. A counter and its control circuit counts the number of the sampled signals during 1 bit data transmission time slots. A comparator compares the count number with two predetermined reference values and outputs the binary data.