Abstract: A display apparatus including a display substrate, light emitting devices disposed on the display substrate, circuit electrodes disposed between the light emitting devices and the display substrate, and a transparent layer covering the light emitting devices and the circuit electrodes, in which at least one of the light emitting devices includes a first LED sub-unit configured to emit light having a first wavelength, a second LED sub-unit adjacent to the first LED sub-unit and configured to emit light having a second wavelength, a third LED sub-unit adjacent to the second LED sub-unit and configured to emit light having a third wavelength, and a substrate disposed on the third LED sub-unit, in which a difference in refractive indices between the transparent layer and air is less than a difference in refractive indices between the substrate and a semiconductor layer of the third LED sub-unit.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a short wavelength light emitting portion, a long wavelength light emitting portion, and a coupling layer combining the short wavelength emitting portion and the long wavelength light emitting portion. Each of the short wavelength light emitting portion and the long wavelength light emitting portion includes a first conductivity type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductivity type semiconductor layer. The active layer of the long wavelength light emitting portion contains more Indium (In) than the active layer of the short wavelength light emitting portion, and the short wavelength light emitting portion emits light of a shorter wavelength than that of light emitted from the long wavelength light emitting portion.

Abstract: A method of detecting normality of a PWM signal, wherein an error in a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal is detected using four different self-test logics, and information obtained by categorizing results of detection into failure modes is transmitted to a vehicle component controller, so that the consistency of the PWM signal is determined, a signal safety means is secured, and further, safety standard requirements of the automobile field are satisfied.

Abstract: A passenger detection apparatus may include: an SBR (Seat Belt Reminder) sensor unit having a plurality of SBR sensors installed in respective seats of a vehicle, and connected in parallel to one another; and a control unit configured to detect a combined resistance value of the SBR sensor unit, compare the detected combined resistance value to resistance values of a combined resistance table which is preset and stored in an internal memory, and determine that a passenger corresponding to each boarding zone of the combined resistance table is on board, when the detected combined resistance value is not included in a grey zone.

Abstract: A method of detecting normality of a PWM signal, wherein an error in a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal is detected using four different self-test logics, and information obtained by categorizing results of detection into failure modes is transmitted to a vehicle component controller, so that the consistency of the PWM signal is determined, a signal safety means is secured, and further, safety standard requirements of the automobile field are satisfied.

Abstract: An airbag operating apparatus for a vehicle may include: a sensing signal input unit configured to receive a sensing signal; a plurality of squib driving units including input ports connected in parallel to one another, having internal resistances set different from one another, installed to correspond to a plurality of airbags, respectively, and configured to drive the corresponding airbags when reaching an ignition current value according to airbag deployment signals; a storage unit configured to store the internal resistances of the plurality of squib driving units and output voltages of the airbag deployment signals according to deployment situations; and a control unit configured to receive the sensing signal from the sensing signal input unit, determine situations for deploying the plurality of airbags, and output the airbag deployment signals as output voltages to the input ports of the plurality of squib driving units according to the determination result.

Abstract: A passenger detection apparatus may include: an SBR (Seat Belt Reminder) sensor unit having a plurality of SBR sensors installed in respective seats of a vehicle, and connected in parallel to one another; and a control unit configured to detect a combined resistance value of the SBR sensor unit, compare the detected combined resistance value to resistance values of a combined resistance table which is preset and stored in an internal memory, and determine that a passenger corresponding to each boarding zone of the combined resistance table is on board, when the detected combined resistance value is not included in a grey zone.

Abstract: A method for controlling an in-vehicle user interface includes: providing a vehicle window that serves as an input/output module engaged with at least one of a computing device, a camera and a multimedia device; monitoring whether a change of an air pressure at a neighboring area of the vehicle window is beyond a predetermined threshold range; sensing a touch input via the vehicle window; and generating, in response to the change of the air pressure and the touch input, a control signal of the input/output module.

Abstract: An airbag operating apparatus for a vehicle may include: a sensing signal input unit configured to receive a sensing signal; a plurality of squib driving units including input ports connected in parallel to one another, having internal resistances set different from one another, installed to correspond to a plurality of airbags, respectively, and configured to drive the corresponding airbags when reaching an ignition current value according to airbag deployment signals; a storage unit configured to store the internal resistances of the plurality of squib driving units and output voltages of the airbag deployment signals according to deployment situations; and a control unit configured to receive the sensing signal from the sensing signal input unit, determine situations for deploying the plurality of airbags, and output the airbag deployment signals as output voltages to the input ports of the plurality of squib driving units according to the determination result.

Abstract: A circuit for diagnosing an open circuit in an airbag driving device may include: an open circuit sensing unit configured to sense, in a test mode for diagnosing an open circuit in a power ground (PGND) of the airbag driving device, whether an open circuit is present in the power ground (PGND) of the lower switch (L_SW) using power (VH) that is applied through an upper switch (H_SW) and the lower switch (L_SW) of the airbag driving device, and an open circuit determination unit configured to receive a voltage (VDrop) sensed by the open circuit sensing unit and determine whether the power ground (PGND) is open through a comparison between the voltage (VDrop) and a preset first reference voltage (VPG_TH).

Abstract: A method for controlling an in-vehicle user interface includes: providing a vehicle window that serves as an input/output module engaged with at least one of a computing device, a camera and a multimedia device; monitoring whether a change of an air pressure at a neighboring area of the vehicle window is beyond a predetermined threshold range; sensing a touch input via the vehicle window; and generating, in response to the change of the air pressure and the touch input, a control signal of the input/output module.

Abstract: A method for controlling an in-vehicle user interface includes: providing a vehicle window that serves as an input/output module engaged with at least one of a computing device, a camera and a multimedia device; monitoring whether a change of an air pressure at a neighboring area of the vehicle window is beyond a predetermined threshold range; sensing a touch input via the vehicle window; and generating, in response to the change of the air pressure and the touch input, a control signal of the input/output module.

Abstract: A method for controlling an in-vehicle user interface includes monitoring a driving mode of a vehicle, determining, in response to the driving mode, whether to provide at least one window as an input/output module allowing a driver or a passenger to interact with at least one of a computing device, a camera, and a multimedia device provided in, or engaged with, the vehicle, and outputting a notification through the window in response to a determination result.

Abstract: A circuit for diagnosing an open circuit in an airbag driving device may include: an open circuit sensing unit configured to sense, in a test mode for diagnosing an open circuit in a power ground (PGND) of the airbag driving device, whether an open circuit is present in the power ground (PGND) of the lower switch (L_SW) using power (VH) that is applied through an upper switch (H_SW) and the lower switch (L_SW) of the airbag driving device, and an open circuit determination unit configured to receive a voltage (VDrop) sensed by the open circuit sensing unit and determine whether the power ground (PGND) is open through a comparison between the voltage (VDrop) and a preset first reference voltage (VPG_TH).

Abstract: A method for controlling an in-vehicle user interface includes: providing a vehicle window that serves as an input/output module engaged with at least one of a computing device, a camera and a multimedia device; monitoring whether a change of an air pressure at a neighboring area of the vehicle window is beyond a predetermined threshold range; sensing a touch input via the vehicle window; and generating, in response to the change of the air pressure and the touch input, a control signal of the input/output module.

Abstract: A method for controlling an in-vehicle user interface includes monitoring a driving mode of a vehicle, determining, in response to the driving mode, whether to provide at least one window as an input/output module allowing a driver or a passenger to interact with at least one of a computing device, a camera, and a multimedia device provided in, or engaged with, the vehicle, and outputting a notification through the window in response to a determination result.