Abstract: A method for manufacturing an active layer of a solar cell is disclosed, the active layer manufactured including multiple micro cavities in sub-micrometer scale, which can increase the photoelectric conversion rate of a solar cell. The method comprises following steps: providing a substrate having multiple layers of nanospheres which are formed by the aggregated nanospheres; forming at least one silicon active layer to fill the inter-gap between the nanospheres and part of the surface of the substrate; and removing the nanospheres to form an active layer having plural micro cavities on the surface of the substrate. The present invention also provides a solar cell comprising: a substrate, an active layer, a transparent top-passivation, at least one front contact pad, and at least one back contact pad. The active layer locates on a surface of the substrate and has plural micro cavities whose diameter is less than one micrometer.

Abstract: A sapphire substrate with periodical structure is disclosed, which comprises: a sapphire substrate, and at least one periodical structure formed on at least one surface of the sapphire substrate and having plural micro-cavities; wherein, the micro-cavities are arranged in an array, the micro-cavities are each in an inverted awl-shape, the length of the base line of the micro-cavities is 100˜2400 nm, and the depth of the micro-cavities is 25˜1000 nm.

Abstract: A method for preparing a substrate with periodical structure, comprising the following steps: (A) providing a substrate and plural nano-sized balls, wherein the nano-sized balls are arranged on the surface of the substrate; (B) depositing a cladding layer on partial surface of the substrate and the gaps between the nano-sized balls; (C) removing the nano-sized balls; (D) etching the substrate by using the cladding layer as a mask; and (E) removing the mask to form a periodical structure on the surface of the substrate. In the present invention, the nano-sized balls are used as a template for forming the mask. Hence, compared with the lithography, when the method of the present invention is used to prepare a substrate with a periodical structure, the duration of the process and the manufacturing cost can be decreased.

Abstract: A silicon substrate with periodical structure is disclosed, which comprises: a silicon substrate, and at least one periodical structure formed on at least one surface of the silicon substrate and having plural micro-cavities; wherein, the micro-cavities are arranged in an array, the micro-cavities are each in an inverted awl-shape or an inverted truncated cone-shape, the length of the base line of the micro-cavities in the inverted awl-shape is 100˜2400 nm, the diameter of the micro-cavities in the inverted truncated cone-shape is 100˜2400 nm, and the depth of the micro-cavities is 100˜2400 nm.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an active layer of a solar cell is disclosed, the active layer manufactured including multiple micro cavities in sub-micrometer scale, which can increase the photoelectric conversion rate of a solar cell. The method comprises following steps: providing a substrate having multiple layers of nanospheres which are formed by the aggregated nanospheres; forming at least one silicon active layer to fill the inter-gap between the nanospheres and part of the surface of the substrate; and removing the nanospheres to form an active layer having plural micro cavities on the surface of the substrate. The present invention also provides a solar cell comprising: a substrate, an active layer, a transparent top-passivation, at least one front contact pad, and at least one back contact pad. The active layer locates on a surface of the substrate and has plural micro cavities whose diameter is less than one micrometer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dye-sensitized solar cell that exhibits improved photoabsorption efficiency and optoelectronic conversion efficiency in the long-wavelength region. The dye-sensitized solar cell of the present invention, in coordination with an outer loop, comprises: a first substrate; a second substrate; and a photoenergy conversion layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. Herein, the photoenergy conversion layer comprises an electrolytic condensed matter and pluralities of dye-adsorbed units dispersed in the electrolytic condensed matter. In addition, a first photonic crystal layer is disposed on the surface of the first substrate. A beam of light from the external environment can pass through the first photonic crystal layer and the first substrate to arrive in the photoenergy conversion layer.

Abstract: A laser diode including a self-focusing layer and an active layer is disclosed. The active layer has a window portion. The self-focusing layer is disposed at the window portion. The active layer generates a laser beam by current excitation. After the laser beam has penetrated the self-focusing layer, the dimensions of the optical path of the laser beam undergoes self-convergence because of the self-focusing effect of the self-focusing layer, and thus the laser beam is turned into a laser microbeam, resulting in smaller light spots and higher energy per unit area of an irradiated region. Accordingly, the laser diode has advantages, namely enhanced precision of laser alignment, application to micro-processing, and hardly attenuated energy of laser beams.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an active layer of a solar cell is disclosed, the active layer manufactured including multiple micro cavities in sub-micrometer scale, which can increase the photoelectric conversion rate of a solar cell. The method comprises following steps: providing a substrate having multiple layers of nanospheres which are formed by the aggregated nanospheres; forming at least one silicon active layer to fill the inter-gap between the nanospheres and part of the surface of the substrate; and removing the nanospheres to form an active layer having plural micro cavities on the surface of the substrate. The present invention also provides a solar cell comprising: a substrate, an active layer, a transparent top-passivation, at least one front contact pad, and at least one back contact pad. The active layer locates on a surface of the substrate and has plural micro cavities whose diameter is less than one micrometer.