Abstract: A controller coupled to a plurality of hardware modules is arranged for determining activities of at least two of the hardware modules in real time, and determining a voltage and a frequency for one of the hardware modules according to the activities of the at least two of the hardware modules.

Abstract: A power management method includes providing status information of an external module to an intermediary module for updating status data; accessing updated status data via the intermediary module; determining a power value according to the updated status data; determining power allocation according to at least the power value; and providing power to the external module according to the power allocation.

Abstract: A power managing method, applied to an electronic system comprising a power providing device and one or more system modules, the power providing device comprising at least one battery. The method comprises: (a) determining a total power budget of the power providing device; (b) obtaining system information of the electronic system; (c) determining an available power budget according to the total power budget and the system information; and (d) allocating the available power budget to the one or more system modules according to the system information.