Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for predictability estimation using a behavior prediction model. One of the methods includes receiving a candidate future behavior to be performed by an agent in an environment after a current time point; receiving data characterizing a scene that includes the agent in the environment as of the current time point; processing a behavior prediction input generated from the data using a behavior prediction model, wherein the behavior prediction model is configured to receive the behavior prediction input and to process the behavior prediction input to generate a behavior prediction output that characterizes a set of predicted future behaviors for the agent after the current time point; and determining a predictability score for the candidate future behavior by comparing the candidate future behavior with the behavior prediction output.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for adapting hierarchical structure information associated with a first ranking function tuned for use in a first domain for use in a second domain.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for displaying a compound word is provided. According to one aspect, data that specifies a first form of a component word is received. Within the compound word, a second form of the component word that differs from the first form of the component word is located. The compound word is displayed so that the second form of the component word is visibly distinguished from the remainder of the compound word. As a result, the compound word is displayed in a way that implements useful highlighting even when only a portion of the compound word is of interest to a searcher. The compound word may be displayed in this manner even when the portion takes a different form when within a compound word than when standing alone.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for adapting hierarchical structure information associated with a first ranking function tuned for use in a first domain for use in a second domain.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for displaying a compound word is provided. According to one aspect, a component word is located within a compound word. The compound word is displayed with the component word visibly distinguished from the remainder of the compound word. As a result, the compound word is displayed in a way that implements useful highlighting even when only a portion of the compound word is of interest to a searcher.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for implementing delta encoding for distribution of content. In one aspect, a canonical reference file that is common to a server and to each client to which the server distributes content, and which represents a portion of particular content, is generated and transmitted to the associated clients. A delta file, which represents the difference between the current state of the content and the canonical reference file, is transmitted to the requesting client so that it can be applied to the canonical reference file to construct the current state of the content. A client can receive the canonical reference file during a period in which the current state of the content differs from the reference file. Furthermore, the canonical reference file can be transmitted during a period in which the current state of the content changes.