Abstract: The disclosure relates to compositions and methods for preventing, reducing, and/or treating scars. The compositions comprise at least one C-glycoside or derivative thereof, and the methods comprise treating skin and/or scar tissue with at least one C-glycoside or derivative thereof and at least one skin modification stimulus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for identifying parameters of a 10 kV static load model based on similar daily load curves. In the present invention, an optimization model for identifying full-period parameters of the static load model is proposed based on a large number of daily load curves with response characteristic, a structure and constraints of the static load model, and two theoretical basic assumptions about loads. Full-period (including 96 moments) static voltage model parameters of 10 kV loads are given through optimization solution. A rule that active power and reactive power of the loads at each moment change with voltage is obtained. In addition, a change rule of load constituents is obtained. The method delivers good applicability, satisfies actual demands, and is suitable for large-scale static model analyses for 10 kV loads.

Abstract: A system and method for allowing legacy circuit switch user equipment (CS UE) to operate via a packet switch system, such as an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) system, is provided. The mobility and session control aspects of communications with the legacy CS UE is separated. A user agent is placed in the receiving node (e.g., a home node B) that acts as the SIP agent for the CS UE for session control. An interworking function is provided to allow mobility between the macro CS network and the PS (e.g., IMS) network. Hand-back and hand-in procedures with service continuity are also provided.

Abstract: A method for establishing association-control relations includes these steps: An access adapting unit acquires subscription information of the user through a mobile application part (MAP) message, an SH interface message, or a Cx interface message; and acquires information indicating that the user is an ICS user from the subscription information of the user. A system, an access adapting unit, and an IMS CS control function (ICCF) for establishing association-control relations are also provided. In embodiments of the present invention, an access adapting unit such as a local-CS access adaptation function-network (L-CAAF-n) may know whether a user is an IMS centralized service (ICS) user and acquire the ICCF address information so that association-control relations may be established between the L-CAAF-n and the ICCF.

Abstract: A method, system, and device for converting session control signaling are provided. The method includes at least one of the following steps: a first adaptation unit converts a session control signaling message of a circuit switched (CS) session leg into a session control signaling message of an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) session leg; or the first adaptation unit converts a session control signaling message of an IMS session leg into a session control signaling message of a CS session leg. In embodiments of the present invention, an adaptation unit intercepts a CS signaling message after an inter-mobile switching center (MSC) handover, and converts CS signaling messages to IMS signaling messages and vice versa, so that the IMS domain may continue to control a session after the inter-MSC handover.

Abstract: A method, system, and device for providing a service in the field of communications technologies are provided. The method includes the following steps. A terminal acquires a network instruction. The terminal initiates a call in a Circuit Switched (CS) domain according to the network instruction. The CS domain provides a service according to the received call from the terminal. The system includes a delivery device, user equipment (UE), and a device for providing a service. The UE includes an acquisition module and a processing module. By providing a network entity with enhanced functions (for example, an enhanced Visit Mobile Switch Center (VMSC) and an enhanced Proxy Call Session Control Function (P-CSCF)), the terminal is capable of providing an emergency call service and a monitoring service for a terminal user when a session is established by using an Internet Protocol (IP) Multimeda Subsystem (IMS) CS Control Protocol (ICCP) signaling.

Abstract: A system and method for allowing legacy circuit switch user equipment (CS UE) to operate via a packet switch system, such as an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) system, is provided. The mobility and session control aspects of communications with the legacy CS UE is separated. A user agent is placed in the receiving node (e.g., a home node B) that acts as the SIP agent for the CS UE for session control. An interworking function is provided to allow mobility between the macro CS network and the PS (e.g., IMS) network. Hand-back and hand-in procedures with service continuity are also provided.

Abstract: A method and a device for providing a call forwarding service for users are provided. The method for providing a call forwarding service for users includes the following steps. An IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) network entity receives a call towards a user who accesses from a circuit switched (CS) domain; the IMS network entity acquires a current session connection state of the user or the user's desire of answering the call; and the call forwarding service is provided according to the obtained session connection state of the user or the user's desire. Thus, a call forwarding service in an IMS domain for a called user who accesses from a CS domain is realized.

Abstract: A method for establishing association-control relations includes these steps: An access adapting unit acquires subscription information of the user through a mobile application part (MAP) message, an SH interface message, or a Cx interface message; and acquires information indicating that the user is an ICS user from the subscription information of the user. A system, an access adapting unit, and an IMS CS control function (ICCF) for establishing association-control relations are also provided. In embodiments of the present invention, an access adapting unit such as a local-CS access adaptation function-network (L-CAAF-n) may know whether a user is an IMS centralized service (ICS) user and acquire the ICCF address information so that association-control relations may be established between the L-CAAF-n and the ICCF.

Abstract: A method, system, and device for converting session control signaling are provided. The method includes at least one of the following steps: a first adaptation unit converts a session control signaling message of a circuit switched (CS) session leg into a session control signaling message of an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) session leg; or the first adaptation unit converts a session control signaling message of an IMS session leg into a session control signaling message of a CS session leg. In embodiments of the present invention, an adaptation unit intercepts a CS signaling message after an inter-mobile switching center (MSC) handover, and converts CS signaling messages to IMS signaling messages and vice versa, so that the IMS domain may continue to control a session after the inter-MSC handover.