Abstract: A method is provided for producing a foil made of an electrically conductive material. The foil consists of the same electrically conductive material along the extension of the foil thickness. A flexible substrate is first introduced into a working chamber; a layer made of the electrically conductive material is deposited on at least one surface region of the flexible substrate using a vacuum coating process; and the first layer is then removed from the flexible substrate. Either an ion-etching process is carried out at least on the surface region of the flexible substrate prior to depositing the layer made of the electrically conductive material and/or the layer made of the electrically conductive material is heated during and/or after the layer is deposited.

Abstract: A method for reducing the adhesion of dirt to a substrate is provided, where a thin, incompletely closed layer of a material is deposited on at least one surface area of the substrate by means of a vacuum deposition process, and then said surface area is acted upon by accelerated ions.

Abstract: A method for the production of nanoscopic and/or microscopic surface structures on a flat substrate is provided, wherein the surface structure of the substrate is changed through the use of an ion etching process. First, a coating that features a boundary surface-active substance with a concentration of 0.01 to 5 percent by weight is applied to the substrate. The coating applied to the substrate is subsequently transformed into a solid form, and the ion etching process is then performed.

Abstract: A method for reducing the adhesion of dirt to a substrate is provided, where a thin, incompletely closed layer of a material is deposited on at least one surface area of the substrate by means of a vacuum deposition process, and then said surface area is acted upon by accelerated ions.