Abstract: An apparatus for facilitating the flow of solid particles in bulk form by gravity through a container within which the particles are temporarily stored or through a pipe within which the particles are being moved by force feeding or induced methods. The apparatus is a multisurfaced body the surfaces of which are described by curves in both vertical and horizontal directions. These curves may be cycloidal, hyperbolic or parabolic, among others. However, in its preferred embodiment the apparatus is generated by cycloidal curves. The curves in the vertical and horizontal directions converge toward the center and bottom of the container or pipe, and serve to interrupt the consolidating forces generated within the container or pipe which, absent the presence of the apparatus, would cause clogging or hindrance of the flow of material through the container or pipe.

Abstract: In a method of making concrete of the Portland Cement type wherein a quantity of cementitious material, such as Portland Cement, is mixed with a quantity of aggregate, generally sand and rock in varying proportions and water; and, wherein, the resulting mixture is stirred or mixed for an appropriate length of time consistent with acceptable practices in the concrete industry after which the mix is poured and allowed to set, the improvement which is characterized by the employment of fly ash as the major ingredient in the cementitious material. The improvement also includes the adding of gypsum to the initial mix in an amount equal to about 2% by weight of the fly ash and, thereafter, adding in and mixing a quantity of calcium chloride equal to about 3% by weight of the fly ash.

Abstract: A method of altering the photometric output and distribution of a light beam produced by a lamp having a fluted sealed beam lamp lens cover, the light beam having a certain beam shape which, in the absence of the present invention, does not conform to the photometric specifications for auxiliary low beam automobile head lamps; the latter specifications require the lamps to have specific maximum and minimum candela(s) output at various photometric points within the beam pattern.Specific areas of certain flutes molded into the lens cover of a non-conforming sealed beam lamp are partially or totally covered with an opaque material or obstructed by a shield to restrict the candela output of unwanted light at various photometric points within the beam pattern, and thus permit the total beam pattern of the treated lamp to meet state and Federal photometric specifications for auxiliary low beam automobile headlamps.