Abstract: A steam engine includes at least one piston and cylinder assembly. A fluid injector injects a liquid into the cylinder and onto a heated surface area of a heating element. The heating element may be a plate, coil or other such surface that is heated to a temperature exceeding a flash point of the liquid. As the liquid comes into contact with the heating element it flashes to a vapor causing the internal pressure of the cylinder increase. This increase in internal pressure forces the piston towards an open side or bottom of the cylinder. The piston is coupled to a driven crank shaft via a crank rod. At least one exhaust port is provided for evacuating or draining the fluid from the cylinder.

Abstract: A two-frequency data signal, also known as a biphase or F/2 F signal, is accurately decoded by sampling the signal and digitizing the samples to provide a series of digital values representing the signal. An intelligent digital filter manipulates the digital values to decode the signal, by detecting the peaks in the sampled signal and decoding the signal by analyzing the location and amplitudes of the peaks. Only peaks which are outside a guard band may be detected. If the signal cannot be properly decoded with a wide guard band, the guard band may be repeatedly narrowed, until a minimum guard band is reached.Bits are identified by comparing the displacements between peaks to a bit cell width. An even number of displacements indicates a `0` bit, and an odd number of displacements indicates a `1` bit. After decoding, the bits are converted into bytes. Parity and longitudinal redundancy code checks are used to correct bad bits.During decoding, many indications of a degraded signal may be obtained.

Abstract: A two-frequency data signal, also known as a biphase or F/2F signal, is accurately decoded by sampling the signal and digitizing the samples to provide a series of digital values representing the signal. An intelligent digital filter manipulates the digital values to decode the signal, by detecting the peaks in the sampled signal and decoding the signal by analyzing the location and amplitudes of the peaks. Only peaks which are outside a guard band may be detected. If the signal cannot be properly decoded with a wide guard band, the guard band may be repeatedly narrowed, until a minimum guard band is reached. Bits are identified by comparing the displacements between peaks to a bit cell width. An even number of displacements indicates a `0` bit, and an odd number of displacements indicates a `1` bit. After decoding, the bits are converted into bytes. Parity and longitudinal redundancy code checks are used to correct bad bits. During decoding, many indications of a degraded signal may be obtained.

Abstract: A two-frequency data signal, also known as a biphase or F/2F signal, is accurately decoded by sampling the signal and digitizing the samples to provide a series of digital values representing the signal. An intelligent digital filter manipulates the digital values to decode the signal, by detecting the peaks in the sampled signal and decoding the signal by analyzing the location and amplitudes of the peaks. Only peaks which are outside a guard band may be detected. If the signal cannot be properly decoded with a wide guard band, the guard band may be repeatedly narrowed, until a minimum guard band is reached.Bits are identified by comparing the displacements between peaks to a bit cell width. An even number of displacements indicates a `0` bit, and an odd number of displacements indicates a `1` bit.