Abstract: Systems and methods for describing a composition of an article of manufacture are disclosed. In one aspect, a method includes receiving article composition data for an article of manufacture that identifies a set of parts of the article, a stated composition for each part of the set of parts, and a physical quantity of the stated composition. The method further includes classifying the stated composition of each part of the set of parts into a normalized composition that includes a set of normalized chemicals. The method further includes outputting an aggregated physical quantity of each normalized chemical for the set of parts of the article. The method can include classifying a normalized composition of each part into a material category within a hierarchical taxonomy based on the set of normalized chemicals of that normalized composition and outputting an aggregated physical quantity of each material category for the parts.

Abstract: An emergency telephone system has a dual mode, hybrid emergency telephone station connected with a central station through both a digital ethernet connection for digital VOIP communication and through a wire line for analog communication. Circuitry at the dual mode emergency station connects a user terminal with the digital ethernet connection and the wire line. A processor forming a part of the circuitry directs communication through the ethernet connection if operative and through the analog wire connection if the ethernet connection is inoperative.