Abstract: An accessory case includes a shell, a first layer, and a second layer. The shell is shaped to selectively retain an electronic device. The second layer is positioned between the shell and the first layer, and has a higher thermal conductivity than the first layer. The first layer may comprise silicone and/or the second layer may comprise graphite. An accessory case includes an interior volume, a shell, and a plurality of layers. The interior volume is shaped to receive an electronic communications device. The shell has sidewalls shaped to selectively retain the electronic communications device. The plurality of layers are positioned within the shell. The sidewalls and the plurality of layers define the interior volume. The plurality of layers include a thermally conductive material and a thermally resistive material, and the plurality of layers are positioned to limit a rate of heat transfer from the shell to the interior volume.

Abstract: A method for treating a waste product from a chemical processing plant. Chemical processing plants such as oil refineries produce sour water waste that includes ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. The sour water is typically steam stripped to form a vapor stream including water, the ammonia and the hydrogen sulfide. The vapor stream is converted into a concentrated ammonium sulfide solution using a scrubber unit that includes a cooling and quenching column. Concentrating the byproducts provides for more efficient transportation of the concentrate from several refineries to a remote, centralized purification facility.

Abstract: A method for treating a waste product from a chemical processing plant. Chemical processing plants such as oil refineries produce sour water waste that includes ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. The sour water is typically steam stripped to form a vapor stream including water, the ammonia and the hydrogen sulfide. The vapor stream is converted into a concentrated ammonium sulfide solution using a scrubber unit that includes a cooling and quenching column. Concentrating the byproducts provides for more efficient transportation of the concentrate from several refineries to a remote, centralized purification facility.

Abstract: A process for reducing a level of radionuclei in a phosphogypsum material having a radioactive contaminant is provided, wherein the process includes the steps of: (a) mixing the phosphogypsum material with an acid decontamination solution to form a mixture; (b) separating the mixture into a liquid stream having a large portion of the radioactive contamination and a solid stream having a residual component of the acid decontamination solution; and (c) removing the residual component of the acid decontamination solution from the solid stream, thus providing a gypsum material that meets or exceeds federal standards for level of radioactive nuclei and providing a process that is environmentally friendly and capable of avoiding the generation of phosphogypsum stacks, as well as eliminating existing or abandoned phosphogypsum stacks, further providing for recovery of the radioactive nuclei if desired.

Abstract: A process for reducing a level of radionuclei in a phosphogypsum material having a radioactive contaminant is provided, wherein the process includes the steps of: (a) mixing the phosphogypsum material with an acid decontamination solution to form a mixture; (b) separating the mixture into a liquid stream having a large portion of the radioactive contamination and a solid stream having a residual component of the acid decontamination solution; and (c) removing the residual component of the acid decontamination solution from the solid stream, thus providing a gypsum material that meets or exceeds federal standards for level of radioactive nuclei and providing a process that is environmentally friendly and capable of avoiding the generation of phosphogypsum stacks, as well as eliminating existing or abandone phosphogypsum stacks, further providing for recovery of the radioactive nuclei if desired.