Abstract: A modified chip spreader is adapted to be used in a chip sealing train including a chip supply dump truck and an asphalt composition supply truck. The modified chip spreader is a self-propelled vehicle that has a receiving hopper on its front end for receiving stone chips from the chip supply dump truck, a spreader assembly on its rear end and a conveyor assembly for conveying the stone chips from the receiving hopper to the spreader assembly. The modified chip spreader also includes a spray assembly that is in fluid communication with an outlet line from the asphalt composition supply truck, which spray assembly is adapted to dispense an asphalt composition onto the surface of a roadway in front of the spreader assembly. The spreader assembly dispenses the stone chips onto the newly applied asphalt composition on the surface of the roadway.

Abstract: A CIR train includes a milling machine, an asphalt cement supply tank, a mechanism for dispensing asphalt cement onto paving material that has been removed from the roadway by the milling machine, an asphalt cement pump for pumping asphalt cement from the asphalt cement supply tank into and through an asphalt cement flow circuit to the asphalt cement dispensing mechanism. A heating assembly is interposed in the asphalt cement flow circuit between the asphalt cement supply tank and the dispensing mechanism. The heating assembly includes a heater and a heat modifying component. The heater includes an asphalt cement coil that is in the asphalt cement flow circuit, and a burner that is adapted to direct hot gases of combustion across the asphalt cement coil. The heat modifying component is adapted to modulate the amount of heat transfer from the hot gases of combustion to the asphalt cement in the coil.

Abstract: A CIR train includes a milling machine, an asphalt cement supply tank, a mechanism for dispensing asphalt cement onto paving material that has been removed from the roadway by the milling machine, an asphalt cement pump for pumping asphalt cement from the asphalt cement supply tank into and through an asphalt cement flow circuit to the asphalt cement dispensing mechanism. A heating assembly is interposed in the asphalt cement flow circuit between the asphalt cement supply tank and the dispensing mechanism. The heating assembly includes a heater and a heat modifying component. The heater includes an asphalt cement coil that is in the asphalt cement flow circuit, and a burner that is adapted to direct hot gases of combustion across the asphalt cement coil. The heat modifying component is adapted to modulate the amount of heat transfer from the hot gases of combustion to the asphalt cement in the coil.

Abstract: A modified chip spreader is adapted to be used in a chip sealing train including a chip supply dump truck and an asphalt composition supply truck. The modified chip spreader is a self-propelled vehicle that has a receiving hopper on its front end for receiving stone chips from the chip supply dump truck, a spreader assembly on its rear end and a conveyor assembly for conveying the stone chips from the receiving hopper to the spreader assembly. The modified chip spreader also includes a spray assembly that is in fluid communication with an outlet line from the asphalt composition supply truck, which spray assembly is adapted to dispense an asphalt composition onto the surface of a roadway in front of the spreader assembly. The spreader assembly dispenses the stone chips onto the newly applied asphalt composition on the surface of the roadway.

Abstract: A chip sealing train for use in carrying out a chip sealing operation on a roadway using foamed asphalt cement includes a chip supply dump truck, an asphalt cement supply truck and a chip spreader. The chip spreader includes a receiving hopper for receiving stone chips from the raised dump bed of the chip supply dump truck and a spreader assembly which is adapted to dispense the stone chips onto the roadway. The chip sealing train includes a water tank and a foam dispersal assembly. The foam dispersal assembly includes a foaming chamber, an asphalt cement supply line that is in fluid communication with the asphalt cement supply truck and the foaming chamber, and an asphalt cement pump for pumping asphalt cement from the asphalt cement supply tank into the foaming chamber. The foam dispersal assembly also includes a water supply line that is in fluid communication with the water tank and the foaming chamber, and a water pump for pumping water from the water tank into the foaming chamber.

Abstract: Sensors and monitors for a physiological monitoring system having capability to indicate an accuracy of an estimated physiological condition. The sensor senses at least one physiological characteristic of a patient and is connectable to a monitor that estimates the physiological condition from signals detected by the sensor. The sensor includes a detector for detecting the signals from the patient which are indicative of the physiological characteristic. The sensor is associated with a memory configured to store data that defines at least one sensor signal specification boundary for the detected signals. The boundary is indicative of a quality of the signals and an accuracy of the physiological characteristic estimated from the signals by the monitor. The sensor further includes means for providing access to the memory to allow transmission of the data that defines the at least one sensor boundary to the monitor.

Abstract: Sensors and monitors for a physiological monitoring system having capability to indicate an accuracy of an estimated physiological condition. The sensor senses at least one physiological characteristic of a patient and is connectable to a monitor that estimates the physiological condition from signals detected by the sensor. The sensor includes a detector for detecting the signals from the patient which are indicative of the physiological characteristic. The sensor is associated with a memory configured to store data that defines at least one sensor signal specification boundary for the detected signals. The boundary is indicative of a quality of the signals and an accuracy of the physiological characteristic estimated from the signals by the monitor. The sensor further includes means for providing access to the memory to allow transmission of the data that defines the at least one sensor boundary to the monitor.

Abstract: Sensors and monitors for a physiological monitoring system having capability to indicate an accuracy of an estimated physiological condition. The sensor senses at least one physiological characteristic of a patient and is connectable to a monitor that estimates the physiological condition from signals detected by the sensor. The sensor includes a detector for detecting the signals from the patient which are indicative of the physiological characteristic. The sensor is associated with a memory configured to store data that defines at least one sensor signal specification boundary for the detected signals. The boundary is indicative of a quality of the signals and an accuracy of the physiological characteristic estimated from the signals by the monitor. The sensor further includes means for providing access to the memory to allow transmission of the data that defines the at least one sensor boundary to the monitor.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring a physiological parameter, functioning based on obtaining a first signal derived from electromagnetic energy transmitted through a tissue portion at a first wavelength, the first signal including a signal portion corresponding with motion-related events and a signal portion corresponding with arterial pulsation events, where at the first wavelength water is a dominant absorber of electromagnetic energy in the tissue portion; obtaining a second signal derived from electromagnetic energy transmitted through a tissue portion at a second wavelength, the second signal including a signal portion corresponding with motion-related events and a signal portion corresponding with arterial pulsation events, where at the second wavelength hemoglobin is a dominant absorber of electromagnetic energy in the tissue portion; and combining the first signal and the second signal to generate a combined plethysmograph signal, such that the combined signal has a signal portion corresponding w

Abstract: A method and a system for ensemble averaging signals in a pulse oximeter, including receiving first and second electromagnetic radiation signals from a blood perfused tissue portion corresponding to two different wavelengths of light, obtaining an assessment of the signal quality of the electromagnetic signals, selecting weights for an ensemble averager using the assessment of signal quality, and ensemble averaging the electromagnetic signals using the ensemble averager.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for simplified detection of unstable oxygen saturation of a patient by analysis of statistical variations in blood oxygen. One method for automatic detection of unstable oxygen saturation of a patient using a pulse oximeter comprises receiving at least a single time series input of oxygen saturation values and computing at least two metrics based on statistical properties of the single time series input of the oxygen saturation values.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems, devices, and/or methods for assessing body fluid-related metrics and/or changes therein. The disclosure further provides systems, devices, and/or methods for correlating body fluid-related metrics in a particular tissue with the corresponding whole-body metric. The disclosure also provides, systems, devices, and/or methods for assessment of such metrics to facilitate diagnosis and/or therapeutic interventions related to maintaining and/or restoring body fluid balance.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring a physiological parameter, comprising collecting a first absorbance at a first wavelength, chosen to be primarily absorbed by water; collecting a second absorbance at a second wavelength, chosen to be primarily absorbed by hemoglobin; and combining the first signal and the second signal to generate a combined plethysmograph signal which is proportionate lower in noise caused by motion-related interference.

Abstract: Adjusting a pulse qualification criterion includes receiving a signal representing a plurality of pulses, where the signal is generated in response to detecting light scattered from blood perfused tissue. A characteristic is determined. A pulse qualification criterion used for qualifying a pulse is adjusted in accordance with the characteristic. The pulses are evaluated according to the pulse qualification criterion.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a system, device, and method for automatically inducing, maintaining, or controlling hypoxia in a patient. Specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to delivering a hypoxic gas mixture to a patient, monitoring at least one physiological parameter of the patient, and automatically controlling the delivery of the hypoxic gas mixture based on a value of the physiological parameter.

Abstract: A sensor may be placed on a patient to obtain physiological measurements. The application of the sensor on the patient may start a timer set to run for a given time interval. If the sensor is repositioned before the interval is expired, the timer is reset. If the time expires without the sensor being repositioned, a caregiver is prompted to reposition the sensor.

Abstract: A sensor for pulse oximetry or other applications utilizing spectrophotometry may be adapted to reduce motion artifacts by fixing the optical distance between an emitter and detector. A flexible sensor is provided with a stiffening member to hold the emitter and detector of the sensor in a relatively fixed position when applied to a patient. Further, an annular or partially annular sensor is adapted to hold an emitter and detector of the sensor in a relatively fixed position when applied to a patient. A clip-style sensor is provided with a spacer that controls the distance between the emitter and detector.

Abstract: A sensor for pulse oximetry or other applications utilizing spectrophotometry may be adapted to reduce motion artifacts by fixing the optical distance between an emitter and detector. A flexible sensor is provided with a stiffening member to hold the emitter and detector of the sensor in a relatively fixed position when applied to a patient. Further, an annular or partially annular sensor is adapted to hold an emitter and detector of the sensor in a relatively fixed position when applied to a patient. A clip-style sensor is provided with a spacer that controls the distance between the emitter and detector.

Abstract: A sensor for pulse oximetry or other applications utilizing spectrophotometry may be adapted to reduce motion artifacts by fixing the optical distance between an emitter and detector. A flexible sensor is provided with a stiffening member to hold the emitter and detector of the sensor in a relatively fixed position when applied to a patient. Further, an annular or partially annular sensor is adapted to hold an emitter and detector of the sensor in a relatively fixed position when applied to a patient. A clip-style sensor is provided with a spacer that controls the distance between the emitter and detector.

Abstract: A method for determining a physiological parameter in the presence of correlated artifact, including obtaining two digital waveforms, x and y, the waveforms being representative of the absorption of two wavelengths of electromagnetic energy received from a blood-perfused tissue, and where each of the waveforms has a component corresponding to a plethysmographic waveform and a component corresponding to the correlated artifact; calculating several weighted difference waveforms of the form x?R*y, where R is a multiplier, by varying R over a range; evaluating the several weighted difference waveforms using a shape characteristic of the weighted difference waveform; identifying a weighted difference waveform most closely representative of and one most different from the plethysmographic waveform; determining a pleth-based physiological parameter using the waveform most closely representative of the plethysmographic waveform; determining at least one artifact-based physiological parameter using the waveform most d