Abstract: Apparatus and methods present a content item and question from an inquirer to a group of users in a first feedback session with a requirement for the users to provide predictions of how a member of a distinct target group will respond to the content item, receiving, during the first feedback session, the first group's prediction of the target group's responses, presenting, during a second feedback session, the same content item and the same question to the target group with a requirement for the target group to provide responses directed to their own responses, constructing a predictive model of the target group based on responses received from the target group during the second feedback session, measuring accuracy of the first group's predictions using the target group predictive model and providing the inquirer access to an ordered visual representation of the first group users arranged as a function of accuracy.

Abstract: Content is organized for brands by selecting a plurality of brand templates. After each selection, a set of properties is generated by applying a portion of settings of the respective brand template, with the remaining settings being overridden with settings for a channel communicating one of a plurality of presentations to a node of a network involved in the communication. The plurality of presentations may include different renditions of the same content. The properties may include sections configured for different focus areas and/or types of content associated with at tags to enable brand-level-targeting. Filters may be identified in the properties. Based on each of the identifications, a property from among the generated sets of properties may be selected based on comparisons with the associated tags.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods present a content item and question from an inquirer to a group of users in a first feedback session with a requirement for the users to provide predictions of how a member of a distinct target group will respond to the content item, receiving, during the first feedback session, the first group's prediction of the target group's responses, presenting, during a second feedback session, the same content item and the same question to the target group with a requirement for the target group to provide responses directed to their own responses, constructing a predictive model of the target group based on responses received from the target group during the second feedback session, measuring accuracy of the first group's predictions using the target group predictive model and providing the inquirer access to an ordered visual representation of the first group users arranged as a function of accuracy.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods present a content item and question from an inquirer to a group of users in a first feedback session with a requirement for the users to provide predictions of how a member of a distinct target group will respond to the content item, receiving, during the first feedback session, the first group's prediction of the target group's responses, presenting, during a second feedback session, the same content item and the same question to the target group with a requirement for the target group to provide responses directed to their own responses, constructing a predictive model of the target group based on responses received from the target group during the second feedback session, measuring accuracy of the first group's predictions using the target group predictive model and providing the inquirer access to an ordered visual representation of the first group users arranged as a function of accuracy.

Abstract: Presenting a content item and a question from an inquirer to a group of users in a first feedback session with a requirement for the users to provide predictions of how a member of a distinct target group will respond to the content item in the future, receiving, during the first feedback session, the first group's prediction of the target group's future responses, presenting, during a second feedback session, the same content item and the same question to the target group with a requirement for the target group to provide responses directed to their own responses, constructing a predictive model of the target group based on responses received from the target group during the second feedback session, measuring accuracy of the first group's prediction using the target group predictive model, and providing inquirer access to the predictive model of the target group and the most accurate prediction.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system, method, and apparatus that incentivizes users to give thoughtful answers when completing reviews by only rewarding, a portion of users that complete the reviews. An item (e.g., an advertisement, product design, or logo) may be presented to a number of users along with a query about the item. Answers may be received from the users and a comparison value may be calculated for the answers. A deviation value may then be determined for each user between the answer the user provided and the comparison value. The number of users may then be ranked according to their respective deviation values with a lower deviation value corresponding to a lower ranking. One or more users with the lowest rankings may then be provided with a reward.

Abstract: Systems for reforming a feedstock comprising paraffins and naphthenes. A first reactor containing a first reforming catalyst is operable to maintain a temperature and pressure that facilitates conversion of naphthenes in the feedstock to aromatics while facilitating conversion of less than 50 wt. % of paraffins in the feedstock to olefins. A first separator receives and separates the first effluent that is produced in the first reactor to produce a first fraction enriched in aromatics and a second fraction enriched in paraffins. A second reactor containing a second reforming catalyst is operable to maintain a temperature and pressure that facilitates conversion of at least 50 wt. % of paraffins in the second fraction to olefins. The system is operable to produce a liquid hydrocarbon product suitable for use as a blend component of a liquid transportation fuel.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system, method, and apparatus that incentivizes users to give thoughtful answers when completing reviews by only rewarding a portion of users that complete the reviews. An item (e.g., an advertisement, product design, or logo) may be presented to a number of users along with a query about the item. Answers may be received from the users and a comparison value may be calculated for the answers. A deviation value may then be determined for each user between the answer the user provided and the comparison value. The number of users may then be ranked according to their respective deviation values with a lower deviation value corresponding to a lower ranking. One or more users with the lowest rankings may then be provided with a reward.

Abstract: Process for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising paraffins and naphthenes. A hydrocarbon feedstock is separated to produce a first fraction enriched in naphthenes and a second fraction that is enriched in paraffins. The first fraction is contacted with a first reforming catalyst in a first reactor that is maintained at a temperature and pressure that facilitates conversion of naphthenes to aromatics. The second fraction is contacted with a second reforming catalyst in a second reactor at a temperature and pressure that converts at least 50 wt. % of paraffins in the second fraction to olefins. The process produces a liquid hydrocarbon reformate product suitable for use as a blend component of a liquid transportation fuel.

Abstract: Process for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising paraffins and naphthenes. A hydrocarbon feedstock is contacted with a first reforming catalyst in a first reactor at a temperature and pressure that facilitates conversion of naphthenes to aromatics while converting less than 50 wt. % of paraffins in the feedstock to olefins, thereby producing a first effluent that is separated into a first fraction that is enriched in aromatics and a second fraction that is enriched in paraffins. The second fraction is contacted with a second reforming catalyst in a second reactor at a temperature and pressure that converts at least 50 wt. % of paraffins in the second fraction to olefins. The process produces a liquid hydrocarbon reformate product suitable for use as a blend component of a liquid transportation fuel.

Abstract: Systems for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock, where the system is operable to selectively reform different sub-components of the hydrocarbon feedstock using at least two structurally-distinct reforming catalysts. Advantages may include a decreased rate of reforming catalyst deactivation and an increased yield of a liquid hydrocarbon reformate product that is characterized by at least one of an increased octane rating and a decreased vapor pressure compared to the liquid hydrocarbon reformate product of conventional one-step reforming systems.

Abstract: Processes for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock by selectively reforming different sub-components of the feedstock using at least two compositionally-distinct reforming catalysts. Advantages may include a decreased rate of reforming catalyst deactivation and an increased yield of a liquid hydrocarbon reformate product that is characterized by at least one of an increased octane rating and a decreased vapor pressure (relative to conventional one-step reforming processes and systems).

Abstract: Processes for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock by selectively reforming different sub-components or fractions of the feedstock using at least two compositionally-distinct reforming catalysts. Advantages may include a decreased rate of reforming catalyst deactivation and an increased yield of a liquid hydrocarbon reformate product that is characterized by at least one of an increased octane rating and a decreased vapor pressure (relative to conventional one-step reforming processes and systems).

Abstract: Systems for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock, where the system is operable to selectively reform different sub-components of the hydrocarbon feedstock using at least two structurally-distinct reforming catalysts. Advantages may include a decreased rate of reforming catalyst deactivation and an increased yield of a liquid hydrocarbon reformate product that is characterized by at least one of an increased octane rating and a decreased vapor pressure compared to the liquid hydrocarbon reformate product of conventional one-step reforming systems.

Abstract: Systems for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock, where the system is operable to selectively reform different sub-components of the hydrocarbon feedstock using at least two structurally-distinct reforming catalysts. Advantages may include a decreased rate of reforming catalyst deactivation and an increased yield of a liquid hydrocarbon reformate product that is characterized by at least one of an increased octane rating and a decreased vapor pressure compared to the liquid hydrocarbon reformate product of conventional one-step reforming systems.

Abstract: A presoak cleaning compound and cleaning process developed for compatible application to aluminum and common cooking surfaces including stainless steel, steel, ferrous, plastic or coated cooking surfaces including baking pans and sheet pans, or commonly used substrate materials for food preparation and cooking surfaces of food stuffs for the removal of food soils, baked on food soils, and soils resulting from the preparation and cooking of food stuffs without discoloration, tarnishing, or pitting of the surface.

Abstract: Difficulties in adapting centrifugal pumps for use as fuel pumps for turbine powered aircraft are avoided in a system including a centrifugal volute pump (22) on a common shaft (18) with a regenerative pump (24). A pressure responsive throttling valve (46) is connected to the inlet (50) of the regenerative pump (24) so as to cause the regenerative pump (24) to provide fuel at a desired, substantially constant pressure while a check valve (80) is connected to the outlet (72) of the centrifugal volute pump (22) to allow flow from the volute (72) but not the reverse. The outlet side of the check valve (80) can also be selectively connected to the outlet (84) of the regenerative pump (24) so that when the pumps are rotating relatively slowly, the regenerative pump (24) will pump fuel at the desired, substantially constant pressure and, as rotational speed increases, the check valve (80) will open when the centrifugal volute pump (22) is pumping fuel at or about the desired substantially constant pressure.

Abstract: The weight and volume of a centrifugal fuel pump ideally suited for use in a fuel system for a turbine engine (12) may be reduced in a construction including a single shaft (10) mounting an inducing impeller (18), an impeller (22) for a regenerative pump, and an impeller (24) for a centrifugal volute pump. Hydrostatic bearings (26), (28) journal the shaft (10) within a pump housing (14) and are provided with fuel under pressure via a conduit (30) connected to the outlets of the regenerative pump and the centrifugal volute pump defined by the impellers (22) and (24), respectively.