Abstract: A cable modem termination system includes an upstream radio frequency interface having a plurality of upstream radio frequency signal inputs and a downstream radio frequency interface having a downstream radio frequency signal output. The downstream radio frequency signal output is selectively coupled to at least one of the plurality of upstream radio frequency signal inputs.

Abstract: A method of ligating a vessel at multiple distant sites through a single surgical opening with a single length of suture filament is disclosed. The method in one embodiment represents an improved endoscopic vessel harvesting technique. An apparatus well suited for performing the method is also disclosed. The apparatus in one embodiment includes a hollow cannula for guiding and advancing loops through the body to the desired ligation sites. Ligation of an elongate tissue structure such as the greater saphenous vein at opposing proximal and distal ends is accomplished by this invention without clips, needles, internal stitches, multiple incisions, or the risks associated with these existing devices and methods.