Abstract: The invention relates to methods for inactivating antibiotics in the environment. The invention further relates to the use of a laccase, a lipase or a cellulase for inactivation of antibiotics. It also relates to compositions to decontaminate the polluted environment and to prevent the pollution of the environment by inactivating antibiotics from waste and wastewater effluents before they reach the environment.

Abstract: The invention relates to the direct selection of metabolic pathways having a determined function in the transformation of a substrate {Ai} into a target product {B}, which is of interest in the industrial, pharmaceutical or agri-food sectors. More specifically, the invention relates to the detection, within metagenomic libraries, of novel biosynthesis pathways involved in a biochemical reaction having a known product {B}. The selection and characterisation of said novel metabolic pathways enables {B} to be produced enzymatically. The invention provides an alternative to the chemical synthesis of the molecule in question {B}. Moreover, and above all, the invention can be used specifically to target and exploit the only metabolic pathways enabling the transformation of {Ai} into {B}, while eliminating the associated metabolic pathways that can catabolise the target product {B}.

Abstract: The invention relates to the direct selection of metabolic pathways having a determined function in the transformation of a substrate {Ai} into a target product {B}, which is of interest in the industrial, pharmaceutical or agri-food sectors. More specifically, the invention relates to the detection, within metagenomic libraries, of novel biosynthesis pathways involved in a biochemical reaction having a known product {B}. The selection and characterization of said novel metabolic pathways enables {B} to be produced enzymatically. The invention provides an alternative to the chemical synthesis of the molecule in question {B}. Moreover, and above all, the invention can be used specifically to target and exploit the only metabolic pathways enabling the transformation of {Ai} into {B}, while eliminating the associated metabolic pathways that can catabolise the target product {B}.

Abstract: The invention relates to the direct selection of metabolic pathways having a determined function in the transformation of a substrate {Ai} into a target product {B}, which is of interest in the industrial, pharmaceutical or agri-food sectors. More specifically, the invention relates to the detection, within metagenomic libraries, of novel biosynthesis pathways involved in a biochemical reaction having a known product {B}. The selection and characterisation of said novel metabolic pathways enables {B} to be produced enzymatically. The invention provides an alternative to the chemical synthesis of the molecule in question {B}. Moreover, and above all, the invention can be used specifically to target and exploit the only metabolic pathways enabling the transformation of {Ai} into {B}, while eliminating the associated metabolic pathways that can catabolise the target product {B}.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the enantioselective reduction of a prochiral aromatic ketone comprising at least one trifluoromethyl group on the aromatic cycle. The inventive method can be used to gain access primarily to an alcohol with configuration (R). Said method is characterised in that the reduction of the prochiral aromatic ketone comprising at least one trifluoromethyl group on the aromatic cycle is carried out in the presence of the Lactobacillus enzyme.

Abstract: Cyclosporin derivatives of formula (I) in which R is H or a radical (Ia) or (Ib) as defined herein; R' is a radical (Ic) or (Id) as defined herein; and R"represents H or OH, with the proviso that R and R" are not simultaneously H, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, when they exist, are disclosed as useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of retrovirus infections.