Abstract: A spacer for spacing the reinforcing cage from the forms used in making concrete products. The spacer is made of concrete or a geopolymer material and has a pair of spaced-apart notches, one T-shaped and one L-shaped that provide for simple, quick installation on adjacent horizontal wires of the reinforcing cage. When locked into place, the shape of the spacer provides the desired cover, the amount of which depends upon the size of the spacer when formed.

Abstract: The extruder head assembly comprises of a drive shaft connected to a troweling cylinder. A plurality of rollers are spaced around the drive shaft and above the troweling cylinder and intermittently contact an inside surface as the troweling cylinder is rotated and pulled upward. The rollers are either elliptically shaped or round positioned on an eccentric axis for intermittent contact against an inside surface of the concrete pipe. The rollers compact the concrete mixture to form the outer surface and the troweling cylinder follows the compaction by smoothing the surface. The troweling cylinder comprises a plurality of removable sections. Each section is composed of a plurality of removable and replaceable tile segments. When a tile segment breaks, the section containing the broken tile segment can be removed so that the broken tile segment can be replaced.

Abstract: Pallet includes an inner structural support with a bottom section and a top section. The top section has an upward facing, load bearing surface that is bonded with a substantially smooth polymer layer. More specifically, the bottom section includes an annular ring that supports a top section comprising an annular ring and a flange that supports the load. The top section is bonded with a polymer to form a smooth surface suitable for curing concrete.

Abstract: A wire cage making machine includes a pair of rod supporting wheels decoupled from one another and capable of being rotated by respective motors at different speeds and/or directions to control the contour of a wire cage, such as twisting the rods. The machine includes a carriage to which the wheels are mounted, with one of the wheels maintained at a fixed position on the carriage and the other wheel movable along rails of the carriage. A welding head is positioned proximate the stationary wheel and is connected to the carriage by a pivot arm that allows the welding head to be moved closer to or farther away from the center of the stationary wheel. The pivot arm allows the position of the welding head to be moved in response to changes in radial positions of longitudinal rods carried by the wheels and to which wire is welded, to join the rods together to form a wire cage. The rods are held by clamps mounted to spokes of the wheels.

Abstract: A unit designed to vibrate concrete products includes elements designed to impart asymmetrical vibrations to a mould, the motion in one direction being much faster than the motion in the opposite direction. The unit includes a pair of motors which drive two cams on each of which rests an idle roller, connected via a linkage to a table on which the mould is positioned. The rotation of the cams causes the table to vibrate, causing it to move upwards with strong acceleration and then descend with a slower and more regular motion. This system produces a type of vibration which allows concrete to be compacted rapidly without becoming detached from or partly exiting from the mould.