Abstract: The present invention relates to a holder for a number of drills, which can advantageously be used for coating drill tips. The holders according to the invention make it possible to arrange the drills in the coating unit in such a way that their tips rest on a cylindrical wall and these can be rotated past a coating source at the same minimum distance. The holder comprises a first curved wall with holes, a second curved wall with holes or slits and a third wall which serves as stop for drills inserted in the holes of the first and second wall.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a holder for a number of borers, which can advantageously be used for coating borer tips. The holders according to the invention make it possible to arrange the borers in the coating unit in such a way that their tips rest on a cylindrical wall and these can be rotated past a coating source at the same minimum distance. The holder comprises a first curved wall with holes, a second curved wall with holes or slits and a third wall which serves as stop for borers inserted in the holes of the first and second wall.

Abstract: This invention concerns a method of producing subsurface marking in a transparent body. According to the invention, the marking is done less than 500 ?m below the surface by applying a layer system with a high destruction threshold, compared to the substrate, to the surface of the substrate. If the layer system is designed as an anti-reflection coating system for the reading wavelength, it increases the contrast for reading. If the layer system is designed as a mirror for the writing wavelength, the writing can be done in reflection at a lower intensity.

Abstract: An optical element structured in accordance with the invention comprises a substrate with at least two zones with different optical functions. The coating systems in the two zones can in each case be subdivided into a zone-specific internal partial coating system and a complementary partial coating system that is common to all the zones, where the complementary partial coating system comprises at least one layer and in the zones in which the internal partial coating systems comprises at least one layer said coating system is arranged between the substrate and the complementary partial coating system.

Abstract: The invention provides an image projection system including a first light source and a second light source. Light from the first light source is limited to a finite number of limited wavelength intervals. An imaging device is adapted for modulating light from the first and second light sources. A beam combiner is provided to combine light from the light sources and direct the combined light to the imaging device. Modulated light from the imaging device is directed to a lens.

Abstract: Methods for filtering particles from a fluid are disclosed, wherein an array of microstructures defining respective microchannels having respective minimum widths are used to separate the fluid from particles to be filtered. The fluid flows through the minimum widths into the microchannels defined between adjacent microstructures. The particles to be filtered are prevented from passing through the respective minimum widths, resulting in filtration of those particles from the fluid. The microchannels can be provided with gradient characteristics to separate particles in the fluid according to size.

Abstract: A system and method for separating and combining three spectrums of light has a polarizing beamsplitter, an input retarder or polarizer located adjacent a first side of the polarizing beamsplitter, a spacer that can also be a splitter located adjacent a second side of the polarizing beamsplitter and a dichroic beamsplitter located adjacent a third side of the polarizing beamsplitter.

Abstract: A sample substrate adapted for use with fluorescence excitation light with a first wavelength. A reflector is disposed on a base. The reflector includes a reflecting multilayer interference coating with at least two layers. Not all of the layers L fulfill a quarterwave condition: dL·nL=(2N+1)·¼ wherein dL is a physical thickness of layer L, nL is an index of refraction of layer L at the first wavelength, N is an integer equal to or greater than zero and 1 is the first wavelength. Thicknesses of the layers ensure that any fluorescent sample material disposed on top of said multilayer interference coating would be located near an antinode of a standing wave formed by the excitation light with the first wavelength incident on said substrate.

Abstract: Methods for filtering particles from a fluid are disclosed, wherein an array of microstructures defining respective microchannels having respective minimum widths are used to separate the fluid from particles to be filtered. The fluid flows through the minimum widths into the microchannels defined between adjacent microstructures. The particles to be filtered are prevented from passing through the respective minimum widths, resulting in filtration of those particles from the fluid. The microchannels can be provided with gradient characteristics to separate particles in the fluid according to size.

Abstract: Methods for filtering particles from a fluid are disclosed, wherein an array of microstructures defining respective microchannels having respective minimum widths are used to separate the fluid from particles to be filtered. The fluid flows through the minimum widths into the microchannels defined between adjacent microstructures. The particles to be filtered are prevented from passing through the respective minimum widths, resulting in filtration of those particles from the fluid. The microchannels can be provided with gradient characteristics to separate particles in the fluid according to size.

Abstract: A sample substrate adapted for use with fluorescence excitation light with a first wavelength. A reflector is disposed on a base. The reflector includes a reflecting multilayer interference coating with at least two layers. Not all of the layers L fulfill a quarterwave condition: dL·nL=(2N+1)·¼ wherein dL is a physical thickness of layer L, nL is an index of refraction of layer L at the first wavelength, N is an integer equal to or greater than zero and 1 is the first wavelength. Thicknesses of the layers ensure that any fluorescent sample material disposed on top of said multilayer interference coating would be located near an antinode of a standing wave formed by the excitation light with the first wavelength incident on said substrate.

Abstract: A sample substrate adapted for use with fluorescence excitation light with a first wavelength. A reflector is disposed on a base. The reflector includes a reflecting multilayer interference coating with at least two layers. Not all of the layers L fulfill a quarterwave condition: dL·nL=(2N+1)·1/4 wherein dL is a physical thickness of layer L, nL is an index of refraction of layer L at the first wavelength, N is an integer equal to or greater than zero and 1 is the first wavelength. Thicknesses of the layers ensure that any fluorescent sample material disposed on top of said multilayer interference coating would be located near an antinode of a standing wave formed by the excitation light with the first wavelength incident on said substrate.

Abstract: A waveguide plate and a process for making the waveguide plate with a plate-like glass substrate (1), carrying a waveguiding layer (2), with at least one coupling grating on the surface carrying said waveguiding layer (2), which coupling grating is formed as a grating of lines with a period between 150 nm and 1000 nm, the extension of said grating being at least 5 cm with lines parallel to one another, wherein the coupling angle (?) varies by not more than 0.1°/cm along a line of said grating and wherein the absolute value of the deviation of the coupling angle (?) on said waveguide plate, from a predefined desired value, does not exceed 0.5°. The deviation from the average value of the coupling angle does not exceed 0.3°, preferably not 0.15° on the whole waveguide plate.

Abstract: This invention concerns a method of producing subsurface marking in a transparent body. According to the invention, the marking is done less than 500 ?m below the surface by applying a layer system with a high destruction threshold, compared to the substrate, to the surface of the substrate. If the layer system is designed as an anti-reflection coating system for the reading wavelength, it increases the contrast for reading. If the layer system is designed as a mirror for the writing wavelength, the writing can be done in reflection at a lower intensity.

Abstract: This invention relates to a platform (11) and a method for generating electromagnetic field distributions. The invention relates in particular to optical sensors for measuring biological or chemical substances. The platform (11) according to the invention comprises a substrate (13), a structured layer (19) and, positioned between the substrate (13) and the structured layer (19), a multilayer assembly (17), said components being so matched relative to one another that upon appropriate impingement by electromagnetic radiation an electromagnetic field distribution is generated that is at a maximum within the structured layer (19).

Abstract: This invention relates to a platform (11) and a method for generating electromagnetic field distributions. The invention relates in particular to optical sensors for measuring biological or chemical substances. The platform (11) according to the invention comprises a substrate (13), a structured layer (19) and, positioned between the substrate (13) and the structured layer (19), a multilayer assembly (17), said components being so matched relative to one another that upon appropriate impingement by electromagnetic radiation an electromagnetic field distribution is generated that is at a maximum within the structured layer (19).

Abstract: The invention provides an image projection system including a first light source and a second light source. Light from the first light source is limited to a finite number of limited wavelength intervals. An imaging device is adapted for modulating light from the first and second light sources. A beam combiner is provided to combine light from the light sources and direct the combined light to the imaging device. Modulated light from the imaging device is directed to a lens.

Abstract: An optical component or an analytical platform includes a substrate, an array of microstructures on the substrate and microchannels formed by side walls of adjacent microstructures, a width of the microchannels varies as a function of distance to the substrate, the width continuously decreasing with increasing distance from the substrate within at least one distance-interval. In a method for producing such a component or such a platform a substrate with an array of surface microstructures is coated in a vapor treatment in such a way that shadowing effects of the coating mechanism narrow at least partially a width of the upper parts of side walls of the microstructures thereby forming at least partially embedded microchannels.

Abstract: A method and apparatus or configuration generates light of a given polarization state (P). A polarization state-sensitive beam splitter is acted upon by light (L) at an input (E1), light (LP) of the given polarization state being output by the beam splitter (1) at a first beam splitter output (A1). Light (LS) with polarization state (S) that is perpendicular to the given state (P) is changed with respect to this state and also output. The light of the changed polarization state again acts upon the polarization state-sensitive beam splitter at the input (E1). The apparatus or configuration achieves this by having the optic input (E3) of a polarization state-changing structural element whose optic output (A3) is operationally connected to the optic input (E1) of the polarization state-sensitive beam splitter, operationally connected to the second optic output (A2).

Abstract: A method for producing a unit having a three-dimensional surface patterning on a base layer. A photoresist is applied to a base layer and subjected to a masked exposure matched to a predetermined final surface patterning. Parts of the photoresist layer are removed by developing to provide an initial surface patterning, including photoresist sacrificial subregions. A coating which covers the initial surface patterning is then applied. Energy is then applied to the initial surface patterning to destabilize the sacrificial layer regions. The initial surface patterning is acted on by a high-pressure liquid jet at a predetermined treatment temperature such that at least part of the coating which covers the sacrificial layer regions are mechanically removed or at least broken open to produce the final surface patterning. The liquid has a negligible chemical reaction rate and/or physical dissolution rate with respect to materials of the unit and/or organic fluid-sealing means.