Abstract: An indicator reservoir, including a porous support material and an indicator substance which is enclosed in pores of the porous support material by a releasable pore-closing material, the pore closing material being bound to the porous support material by a compound that is anchored to the porous support material, the indicator substance being released from the pores when the pore closing material binds an analyte being present in a liquid that wets the indicator reservoir.

Abstract: The present invention relates methods for heat treatment of wood. The invention further relates to wood obtainable by the methods of the invention as well as the use of the method for preparing treated wood. The method comprises the step of pressurising said airtight tank (4) to a predefined pressure (P1) in order to establish a pressurised environment for said wood (6). The method comprises the step of placing said wood (6) in an airtight tank (4) and heating said wood (6) to a predefined temperature (T2, T3). The predefined pressure (P1) is kept so high that the water in the wood (6) cannot evaporate at the predefined temperature (T2, T3).

Abstract: Determination of Analytes in a Sample Matrix by Solvent Extraction A method for the assay of one or more analytes in a sample matrix comprising the steps of: performing analyte extraction on the sample matrix, said analyte extraction comprising combining the sample matrix with a solvent for an extraction period which is less than that required for reaching equilibrium; and separating the analyte containing solvent from the sample matrix; next measuring a level of analyte present in the separated solvent; and then applying in a computer a calibration by which is established a mathematical relationship between levels of analyte extracted from each of a plurality of reference samples by means of the process employed above in the extraction for the sample matrix and a reference value of the levels of analyte for each reference sample to thereby derive a measure of the level of analyte in the sample matrix.

Abstract: The present invention relates methods for heat treatment of wood. The invention further relates to wood obtainable by the methods of the invention as well as the use of the method for preparing treated wood. The method comprises the step of pressurising said airtight tank (4) to a predefined pressure (P1) in order to establish a pressurised environment for said wood (6). The method comprises the step of placing said wood (6) in an airtight tank (4) and heating said wood (6) to a predefined temperature (T2, T3). The predefined pressure (P1) is kept so high that the water in the wood (6) cannot evaporate at the predefined temperature (T2, T3).

Abstract: Determination of Analytes in a Sample Matrix by Solvent Extraction A method for the assay of one or more analytes in a sample matrix comprising the steps of: performing analyte extraction on the sample matrix, said analyte extraction comprising combining the sample matrix with a solvent for an extraction period which is less than that required for reaching equilibrium; and separating the analyte containing solvent from the sample matrix; next measuring a level of analyte present in the separated solvent; and then applying in a computer a calibration by which is established a mathematical relationship between levels of analyte extracted from each of a plurality of reference samples by means of the process employed above in the extraction for the sample matrix and a reference value of the levels of analyte for each reference sample to thereby derive a measure of the level of analyte in the sample matrix.

Abstract: A method for determining a degree of infection comprising the steps of i) preparing an un-isolated sample by adding a differentiating marker, suitably a meta-chromatic stain such as, for example, acridine orange to mammalian milk in an amount sufficient to provide a differentiation between cell types; ii) measuring a differential somatic cell count on the sample by means of a cytometer having a detection system sensitive to differences in the differentiating marker resulting from the marker becoming differently associated with different cell types in the sample; and iii) determining an indication of a degree of infection dependent on the measured differential cell count.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for manipulation of particles (30) in a sample liquid (32) said device comprising a source of ultrasound (16) capable of emitting ultrasound with a given wavelength, an inlet for a sample liquid (2), one or more outlets (4, 5, 6) and a compartment (14), being dimensioned to support a standing ultrasonic wave (40) of said wavelength, characterised in that the device further comprises an inlet for sheath liquid (1, 3) configured to direct a sheath liquid (34) to extend substantially in parallel to an anti-node plane (46) of the ultrasonic standing wave (40) proximate to a sheathed compartment wall. Specifically the device may be used in combination with a particle enumeration device for enumeration of somatic cells in milk.

Abstract: Filter body with internal cavities for use in particulate filters for internal combustion engines, which is preferably produced using micro-patterning processes employed in semiconductor technology, such as for example etching or patterned deposition. Integrated resistance heating can be realized by means of the choice of an electrically conductive material for the filter body.

Abstract: A process for preparing molded bodies of granular material of silicon, germanium or mixed crystals of these elements. The granular material is introduced into a defined three dimensional mold and a chemical transport reaction is started which proceeds with the transport of silicon or germanium. As a result, the particles of the granular material intergrow with each other and eventually form a solid, porous molded body. By varying the starting material, the transport agent, and by adding dopants, the electrical properties of the product can be varied.

Abstract: Pure silicon is obtained in a semicontinuous process by reducing quartz sand with aluminum in a slag medium based on alkaline earth metal silicates. The slag serves thereby simultaneously as a solvent for the aluminum oxide that forms and as an extraction medium for impurities that occur. The silicon formed separates out of the silicate slag and can be separated off. The aluminum oxide produced by the reduction can be separated from the slag and used for recovery of reusable aluminum.

Abstract: A process for making doped semiconductor bodies in thick sheets by epitaxial growth of a doped monocrystalline semiconductor layer on a substrate body by means of a transfer reaction, the transfer system being so arranged that dead spaces are avoided and that within the transfer system a gradient of maximally 1.degree. C./mm is maintained. The invention makes it possible to obtain doped layers of larger thickness than heretofore known.

Abstract: Pure silicon is obtained in a cyclic process by reducing quartz sand with aluminum; the finely divided quartz is dissolved in an aluminum sulphide slag and is reduced by molten aluminum. The molten aluminum also serves as a solvent for the elemental silicon which crystallizes out and precipitates as the temperature falls. Aluminum oxide formed during the reduction is extracted from the slag and passed on for melt electrolysis in order to recover the aluminum.

Abstract: A method of purifying metallurgical-grade silicon for the production of silicon solar cells is provided, in which metallurgical-grade silicon is dissolved in aluminum and brought into contact with an aluminum sulphide extraction melt. Thereafter, the silicon is crystallized out and separated off by cooling the melt to a minimum temperature of 600.degree. C. The aluminum melt remaining can then be recharged with silicon, heated, brought into contact with the extraction melt, so that additional silicon can be crystallized out.