Abstract: A heat exchanger assembly for use in hybrid liquid-air cooling system adapted to provide a liquid cooling mechanism for components in a personal computer system. The heat exchanger assembly consists of a heat exchanger chamber, though which the thermal transfer liquid flows. An air pump injects air bubbles into the heat exchanger chamber through a porous material. The air bubbles rise up through the thermal transfer liquid and exit at the top of the heat exchanger chamber through a semi-permeable membrane which inhibits loss of the thermal transfer fluid. As the air bubbles pass through the thermal transfer liquid, heat is exchanged directly between the thermal transfer liquid and the contained air. The heat is then removed from the system as the heated air is expelled from the heat exchanger chamber.

Abstract: A method for operating an electromagnetic flowmeter and a flowmeter are provided. A measuring tube is provided with a coil arrangement for producing a magnetic field at right angles to the direction of flow. The direction of current flow in the coil arrangement is altered periodically, and the current is kept essentially constant in one period after a rise to a predetermined value. A voltage and/or a voltage derivative applied to the coil arrangement is determined and compared with a reference value. If this voltage does not fall below the reference value in a desired minimum time within a measurement period, an error message is emitted in order to indicate a fault. If the voltage falls below the reference value, it is ensured that the magnetic field is sufficiently stable and measured values for a voltage which can be tapped off at measurement electrodes are subject to an offset error.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for operating an electromagnetic flowmeter and a flowmeter. A measuring tube provided with a coil arrangement for producing a magnetic field at right angles to the direction of flow. The direction of current flow in the coil arrangement is altered periodically, and the current is kept essentially constant in one period after a rise to a predetermined value. the voltage applied to the coil arrangement and/or its derivative is determined and compared with an associated reference value. If this voltage or derivative does not fall below the reference value in a desired minimum time within a measurement period, an error message can be emitted in order to indicate a fault. If the voltage or derivative falls below the reference value, it is ensured that the magnetic field is sufficiently stable and measured values for a voltage which can be tapped off at measurement electrodes.

Abstract: A compact heat exchanger assembly for use in hybrid liquid-air cooling system adapted to provide a liquid cooling mechanism for components or adapter boards in a personal computer system. The heat exchanger assembly consists of a heat exchanger chamber, though which the thermal transfer liquid flows. An air pump injects air bubbles into the heat exchanger chamber through a porous material. The air bubbles rise up through the thermal transfer liquid and exit at the top of the heat exchanger chamber through a semi-permeable membrane which inhibits loss of the thermal transfer fluid. As the air bubbles pass through the thermal transfer liquid, heat is exchanged directly between the thermal transfer liquid and the contained air. The heat is then removed from the system as the heated air is expelled from the heat exchanger chamber. A valve assembly prevents the thermal transfer liquid from entering the air pump in the event air flow through the heat exchanger chamber is stopped.

Abstract: A cold plate assembly (100) consisting of a base structure (102) having a high thermal transfer characteristic, which is adapted for contacting the surface of a heat source (10) on one side. A fluid transfer component (104), having a different thermal transfer characteristic is secured to the base (102) opposite from the heat source receiving side. The fluid transfer component (104) includes protrusions (106) adapted for placement into a flow of liquid coolant. A flow of liquid coolant is permitted to pass over the protrusions (106), but does not contact any portion of the base (102). Heat is then transferred from the heat source (10) through the base (102), into the fluid transfer component (104), and dissipated into the liquid coolant through the protrusions (106) which are immersed in the flow of liquid coolant passing through the chamber (105A) via an inlet (108A) and outlet (108B).

Abstract: U 013971-0 A method of producing a superconducting cable, where a plurality of superconducting ribbons (4) are applied onto a preferably flexible tube (3), said ribbons being applied in one or more layers, optionally separated by intermediate plastic layers, whereafter a protective layer (5) of textile or paper is optionally applied followed by a metal tube (6). A plurality of film layers are applied onto the metal tube (6), a few of said layers being metal-coated. Subsequently, a number of preferably helical spacers (12) are applied onto there layers, and finally a screen (9) is placed on said spacers (12). In this manner the vacuum between the tubes (6 and 9) minimize the thermal conductivity at the same time as the metal-coated films block the thermal radiation.