Abstract: An aqueous modified or synthetic acid composition comprising: an acid; a first component comprising: an amine and a carboxylic acid group; a second component comprising: an amine and a sulfonic acid group; wherein said first component and said acid are present in a molar ratio ranging from 1:3 to 1:15, more preferably from 1:3 to 1:12.5. Said acid composition is preferably used in acidizing or stimulating dolomite formations. Disclosed also are methods involving the use of said acid composition.

Abstract: A process to separate lignin from a lignocellulosic feedstock, said process comprising the steps of: providing said lignocellulosic feedstock; providing a composition comprising; an acid; a modifying agent selected from the group consisting of: sulfamic acid; imidazole; imidazole derivatives; taurine; a taurine derivative; a taurine-related compound; alkylsulfonic acid; arylsulfonic acid; triethanolamine; and combinations thereof; a peroxide salt; and a peroxide; exposing said lignocellulosic feedstock to said composition for a period of time sufficient to depolymerize substantially all of the lignin present in said lignocellulosic feedstock into lignin oligomers and lignin monomers; wherein said process is carried out at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: An aqueous composition comprising: sulfuric acid; a modifying agent comprising an amine group; and a peroxide. The amine group can include triethanolamine, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, pyrrolidine, ethylenediamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, DIPEA, cyclohexylamine, piperidine, morpholine, DBU, benzylamine, and combinations thereof. The composition is capable of delignifying biomass under milder conditions than conditions under which kraft pulping takes place. The composition can be used in processing and depolymerization of cellulose from a plant source.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel aqueous composition for use in removing petroleum-contaminated barium sulfate scale from a surface contaminated with such, said composition comprising: a chelating agent and a counterion component selected from the group consisting of: Li5DTPA; Na5DTPA; K5DTPA; Cs5DTPA; Na4EDTA; K4EDTA; TEAH4DTPA; and TBAH5DTPA; a scale removal enhancer; a non-ionic surfactant; and a hydrotrope. There is also disclosed methods to use such compositions.

Abstract: A method for the stimulation of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation, said method comprising the steps of: providing a wellbore in need of stimulation; inserting a plug in the wellbore at a location slightly beyond a predetermined location; inserting a perforating tool and a spearhead or breakdown acid into the wellbore; positioning the tool at said predetermined location; perforating the wellbore with the tool thereby creating a perforated area; allowing the spearhead acid to come into contact with the perforated area for a predetermined period of time sufficient to prepare the formation for stimulation; removing the tool form the wellbore; and initiating the stimulation of the perforated area using a stimulation fluid. Also disclosed is a corrosion inhibiting composition for us with the acid composition.

Abstract: An aqueous modified acid composition for use in oil industry activities, said composition comprising: an amino acid, an alkanolamine and strong acid wherein the mineral acid: alkanolamine/amino acid are present in a molar ratio of not more than 15:1, preferably not more than 10:1; it can also further comprise a metal iodide or iodate. Said composition demonstrates advantages over known conventional acids and modified acids.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel aqueous composition for use in removing mixed sulfate scale from a surface contaminated with such, said composition comprising: a chelating agent and a counterion component selected from the group consisting of: Li5DTPA; Na5DTPA; K5DTPA; Cs5DTPA; Na4EDTA; K4EDTA; TEAH4DTPA; and TBAH5DTPA; a dissolution enhancer; optionally a compound such as sodium gluconate or the like and a carboxyl-containing fructan such as carboxymethyl inulin. There is also disclosed methods to use such compositions.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibition package for use with an aqueous acid composition, said package comprising: a terpene; a cinnamaldehyde or a derivative thereof; at least one amphoteric surfactant; and a solvent. Also disclosed are compositions comprising said corrosion inhibitor package. Preferably, the corrosion inhibition package meets the environmental requirements for classification as yellow according to the Norwegian North Sea offshore drilling regulatory requirements.

Abstract: An aqueous modified acid composition for industrial activities, said composition comprising: an alkanolamine and strong acid in a molar ratio of not less than 1:15, preferably not less than 1:10; it can also further comprise a metal iodide or iodate. Said composition demonstrates advantages over known conventional acids and modified acids.

Abstract: A modified aqueous acid composition comprising: sulfuric acid; a compound comprising an amine moiety and a sulfonic acid moiety; and a peroxide; wherein sulfuric acid, said compound comprising an amine moiety and a sulfonic acid moiety and said peroxide are present in a molar ratio of no less than 1:1:1. Also disclosed are methods of using such compositions.

Abstract: A modified aqueous acid composition comprising: sulfuric acid; a compound comprising an amine moiety and a sulfonic acid moiety; and a peroxide; wherein sulfuric acid, said compound comprising an amine moiety and a sulfonic acid moiety and said peroxide are present in a molar ratio of no less than 1:1:1. Also disclosed are methods of using such compositions.

Abstract: A method for stimulation of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation includes inserting a perforating tool and an acidic composition into a wellbore. An outside surface of the tool is pre-treated prior to downhole insertion with a grease containing a first corrosion inhibitor adapted minimize corrosion by exposure of the tool the acidic composition for a duration of the stimulation process. The acidic composition further comprises a second corrosion inhibitor that reacts with the first corrosion inhibitor to generate a corrosion protective layer onto the outside surface of the tool. The method further includes perforating the wellbore with the tool, allowing the acidic composition to come into contact with the perforated area of the wellbore, removing the tool from the wellbore; and initiating the stimulation of the perforated area using a stimulation fluid.

Abstract: An aqueous composition comprising: sulfuric acid; a compound comprising an amine moiety; a compound comprising a sulfonic acid moiety; and a peroxide. Said composition being capable of delignifying biomass.

Abstract: Method of delignification of plant material, said method comprising: providing said plant material comprising cellulose fibres and lignin; exposing said plant material requiring to a composition comprising: an acid; a modifiying agent selected from the group consisting of: sulfamic acid; imidazole; N-alkylimidazole; taurine; a taurine derivative; a taurine-related compound; alkylsulfonic acid; arylsulfonic acid; triethanolamine; and combinations thereof; a metal oxide; and a peroxide; for a period of time sufficient to remove substantially all (at least 80%) of the lignin present on said plant material.

Abstract: A novel method for the placement of spearhead acid and stimulation of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation, said method comprising the steps of: providing a wellbore in need of multiple stages of stimulation; inserting an isolation plug in the wellbore at a predetermined location; inserting a perforating tool and a spearhead or breakdown acid into the wellbore simultaneously exposing the wireline and tool to the acid; positioning the tool at said predetermined location; perforating the wellbore with the tool thereby creating a perforated area; allowing the spearhead acid to come into contact with the perforated area for a predetermined period of time sufficient to prepare the formation for stimulation; removing the tool form the wellbore; and initiating the stimulation of the perforated area using a stimulation fluid.

Abstract: A liquid corrosion inhibitor composition for use with acid compositions for use in industrial activities, said corrosion inhibitor composition comprising: a thiourea derivative; a first type of amphoteric surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: a sultaine surfactant; a betaine surfactant; and combinations thereof; a second type of amphoteric surfactant; and a solvent.

Abstract: The invention includes a method of reducing a need to re-acidize a hydrocarbon-containing formation. The method comprises providing a composition a HCl and lysine mixture and water wherein a molar ratio between the HCl and the lysine mixture ranges between 3:1 and 12.5:1, and the composition has an initial pH of less than 1; injecting the composition into the formation; allowing a sufficient time for the composition to become a spent acid composition and to subsequently create wormholes in the formation by dissolving calcium carbonate in the formation; maintaining the dissolved calcium carbonate in suspension in the spent acid composition to prevent reprecipitation of the calcium carbonate into the wormholes; removing the spent acid composition containing the dissolved calcium carbonate from the formation; and wherein a pH of the spent acid composition ranges between 4 and 6.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and a composition for removing metal sulfide scale present on the surface of a metal, said method comprising: providing a liquid composition comprising: a chelating agent and a counterion component selected from the group consisting of: sodium gluconate; gluconic acid; tetrasodium EDTA; EDTA; propylenediaminetetraacetic acid (PDTA); nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA); N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA); diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA); hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid (HEIDA); cyclohexylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CDTA); diphenylaminesulfonic acid (DPAS); ethylenediaminedi(o-hydroxyphenylacetic) acid (EDDHA); glucoheptonic acid; gluconic acid; oxalic acid; malonic acid; succinic acid; glutaric acid; adipic acid; pimelic acid; suberic acid; azelaic acid; sebacic acid; phthalic acid; terephthalic acid; aconitic acid; carballylic acid; trimesic acid; isocitric acid; citric acid; L-glutamic acid-N,N-diacetic acid (GLDA); salts thereof; and mixtur

Abstract: An aqueous composition comprising: sulfuric acid; a compound comprising an amine moiety; a compound comprising a sulfonic acid moiety; and a peroxide. Said composition being capable of delignifying biomass.

Abstract: An aqueous modified or synthetic acid compositions comprising: an acid; and a first component comprising: an amine and a carboxylic acid group; wherein said first component and said acid are present in a molar ratio ranging from 1:3 to 1:15, more preferably from 1:3 to 1:12.5. Said acid compositions are useful in acidizing or stimulating dolomite formations. Said acid compositions are also useful in creating wormholes in hydrocarbon-containing formations.