Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and devices for measurement of carbon dioxide and nitric oxide in exhaled breath of patients at risk for or suffering from sepsis. Carbon dioxide and nitric oxide levels may be measured in controlled rate breath and/or end tidal breath, and a risk score for the patient developing or having sepsis may be determined. In many embodiments, carbon dioxide and nitric oxide measurements are determined simultaneously in a single breath, and by a single measurement apparatus, while other embodiments measure nitric oxide and carbon dioxide levels using separate measure apparatuses and/or in different breaths of the patient.

Abstract: A planar disposable transdermal iontophoretic delivery system is disclosed which includes amounts of an oxidizable species and a reducible species connected by a common conductor forming a galvanic battery for serving as the sole source of power and control for the system, an amount of a therapeutic agent is provided to be driven through the skin of a patient solely through the use of the galvanic battery. The galvanic battery is provided with a lot-tested coulombic capacity rating to predict dosage.

Abstract: A reliable, self-contained iontophoretic drug delivery system is disclosed which enjoys a long stable shelf life and which is easy for the user to activate and employ. This system includes a wearable iontophoretic device that is prepackaged as a complete self-contained unit which includes the active species or drug to be administered and counter ions. The system includes a provision for isolating moisture sources from the electrodes and from the power source during storage and provides a simple, user-friendly mechanism to connect the drug to be administered and counter ion reservoirs to the electrodes and the device to the skin of a user in order to activate the device circuit. All elements of the device are contained in a single outer package.

Abstract: The capacity of an electro-chemical power source having an initial amount of an oxidizable material and an initial amount of a reducible material, is adjusted to a target capacity by altering the initial amount of one or both of the oxidizable material and the reducible material available to participate in the source by a technique selected from the group consisting of adding, removing and isolating a known fraction of the initial amount from the power source.

Abstract: A planar disposable transdermal iontophoretic delivery system is disclosed which includes amounts of an oxidizable species and a reducible species connected by a common conductor forming a galvanic battery for serving as the sole source of power and control for the system, an amount of a therapeutic agent is provided to be driven through the skin of a patient solely through the use of the galvanic battery. The galvanic battery is provided with a lot-tested coulombic capacity rating to predict dosage.

Abstract: The capacity of an electro-chemical power source having an initial amount of an oxidizable material and an initial amount of a reducible material, is adjusted to a target capacity by altering the initial amount of one or both of the oxidizable material and the reducible material available to participate in the source by a technique selected from the group consisting of adding, removing and isolating a known fraction of the initial amount from the power source.