Abstract: A solar-control transparent substrate composition is presented having a transparent substrate; a first solar heat absorbing interlayer having a high refractive index; a second interlayer having a low refractive index; and a low emissivity layer; where the combined optical thickness of the first and second interlayers is about ?th of a 550 nm design wavelength. Also provided is a method of producing the improved, coated, solar-controlled transparent substrate. The solar-control transparent substrate composition eliminates the need for a separate solar absorbing layer, resulting in a thinner, more economical construction with reduced haze. It is especially useful with glass substrates.

Abstract: A solar-control glass that has acceptable visible light transmission, absorbs near infrared wavelength light (NIR) and reflects midrange infrared light (low emissivity mid IR) along with a preselected color within the visible light spectrum for reflected light is provided. Also provided is a method of producing the improved, coated, solar-controlled glass. The improved glass has a solar energy (NIR) absorbing layer comprising tin oxide having a dopant such as antimony and a low emissivity control layer (low emissivity) capable of reflecting midrange infrared light and comprising tin oxide having fluorine and/or phosphorus dopant. A separate iridescence color suppressing layer as described in the prior art is generally not needed to achieve a neutral (colorless) appearance for the coated glass, however an iridescence suppressing layer or other layers may be combined with the two layer assemblage provided by the present invention.

Abstract: A multiple, parallel packed column vaporizer for vaporizing a chemical having a relatively low decomposition temperature includes a shell; a plurality of parallel, vertically oriented vaporization columns arranged in the shell, each vaporization column having inner walls and upper and lower open ends; a distribution assembly for distributing the chemical substantially equally to the open upper ends of the vaporization columns, which flows downwardly therein; a heat exchanger which heats the vaporization columns to provide the heat needed to vaporize the chemical therein; and a gas supply which supplies the gas to the lower ends of the vaporization columns so that the chemical is vaporized and becomes entrained in the gas and is carried upwardly out of the vaporizer.