Abstract: The first terminals have contact arm portions extending in a rectilinear manner in the direction of connector plugging and unplugging; the second terminals have convex contact point portions contactable with an intermediate portion of the contact arm portions in the same direction. When the stub portions of the contact arm portions are divided into a free end side range and a proximal end side range such that the center point of said stub portions in the direction of plugging and unplugging forms a boundary, in the arranged state of the first terminals, impedance at arbitrary locations in the direction of plugging and unplugging within the free end side range is larger than impedance at arbitrary locations in the plugging direction within the proximal end side range.

Abstract: The first terminals have contact arm portions extending in a rectilinear manner in the direction of connector plugging and unplugging; the second terminals have convex contact point portions contactable with an intermediate portion of the contact arm portions in the same direction. When the stub portions of the contact arm portions are divided into a free end side range and a proximal end side range such that the center point of said stub portions in the direction of plugging and unplugging forms a boundary, in the arranged state of the first terminals, impedance at arbitrary locations in the direction of plugging and unplugging within the free end side range is larger than impedance at arbitrary locations in the plugging direction within the proximal end side range.

Abstract: Systems and method are provided for controlling the age of information, or information freshness, for remote status updating through the use of a packet deadline. In an embodiment, a packet deadline determines how long a packet is allowed to wait in a queue at the source before being transmitted, and, if the deadline expires, it is dropped from the system and never transmitted. This mechanism can control the flow of packets into the system, which can be used to control and optimize the age of information, thus providing a fresh status at a monitor.

Abstract: Systems and method are provided for controlling the age of information, or information freshness, for remote status updating through the use of a packet deadline. In an embodiment, a packet deadline determines how long a packet is allowed to wait in a queue at the source before being transmitted, and, if the deadline expires, it is dropped from the system and never transmitted. This mechanism can control the flow of packets into the system, which can be used to control and optimize the age of information, thus providing a fresh status at a monitor.

Abstract: The present invention involves connectors for reducing Far-End Crosstalk (FEXT) through the use of novel polarity swapping to negate the cumulative effect of FEXT. Skew adjustment is used to improve the FEXT cancellation from polarity swapping. The polarity reversal location or locations among FEXT sources are optimized to achieve maximum FEXT cancellation. The novelty polarity swapping technique can be applied to a wide variety of connectors, such as mezzanine connectors, backplane connectors, and any other connectors that can benefit from FEXT reduction.

Abstract: The present invention involves connectors for reducing Far-End Crosstalk (FEXT) through the use of novel polarity swapping to negate the cumulative effect of FEXT. Skew adjustment is used to improve the FEXT cancellation from polarity swapping. The polarity reversal location or locations among FEXT sources are optimized to achieve maximum FEXT cancellation. The novelty polarity swapping technique can be applied to a wide variety of connectors, such as mezzanine connectors, backplane connectors, and any other connectors that can benefit from FEXT reduction.

Abstract: The present invention involves chip-to-chip communication systems for reducing Far-End Crosstalk (FEXT) through the use of novel polarity swapping to negate the cumulative effect of FEXT. Skew adjustment is used to improve the FEXT cancellation from polarity swapping. The polarity reversal location or locations among FEXT sources are optimized to achieve maximum FEXT cancellation. The novelty polarity swapping technique can be applied to a wide variety of systems that can benefit from FEXT reduction.

Abstract: A connector has data signal conductors for communicating data signals and voltage reference (power and ground) conductors for the signals' return currents. Voltage reference conductors carrying the same voltage level are coupled together at one or more points between the ends of the connector to shift the connector's resonant frequency beyond an operating frequency range of the data signals. Decoupling capacitors may alternatively or additionally be inserted between pairs of voltage reference conductors carrying high and low voltage levels at one or more points between the ends of the connector to shift the connector's resonant frequency beyond an operating frequency range of the data signals.

Abstract: A connector has data signal conductors for communicating data signals and voltage reference (power and ground) conductors for the signals' return currents. Voltage reference conductors carrying the same voltage level are coupled together at one or more points between the ends of the connector to shift the connector's resonant frequency beyond an operating frequency range of the data signals. Decoupling capacitors may alternatively or additionally be inserted between pairs of voltage reference conductors carrying high and low voltage levels at one or more points between the ends of the connector to shift the connector's resonant frequency beyond an operating frequency range of the data signals.

Abstract: An RLGC library is generated so as to include fringe RLCG functions for 2-D canonical interconnect structures. During parameter extraction for selected interconnect structures of an integrated circuit, printed circuit board, or integrated circuit package design, the RLGC library is used to generate fringe RLGC coefficients which in addition to area RLGC coefficients calculated on-the-fly, are used to generate equivalent RLGC circuits or S-parameters for simulating the interconnect structures.