Abstract: A method of manufacturing a diamond apparatus includes forming an insulating layer on a surface of a substrate, forming a masking layer on a surface of the insulating layer, and forming a photoresist layer on a surface of the masking layer. A portion of the photoresist layer is cross-linked through exposure to light, leaving a portion of the photoresist layer non-cross-linked. The non-cross-linked portion of the photoresist layer is removed from the masking layer, thus exposing a portion of the masking layer. The method further includes removing the exposed masking layer portion. Any remaining portion of the cross-linked photoresist layer is also removed, resulting in the formation of a patterned masking layer extending from the insulation layer. Diamond material is seeded onto the patterned masking layer and an exposed portion of the insulation layer.

Abstract: An improved method for encapsulating water-insoluble particles, particularly pigments, with dense, amorphous aluminum phosphate or fluorophosphate is disclosed. The capsules are formed in situ in an aqueous dispersion of the substrate by complexing aluminum and/or magnesium ion with phosphoric or fluorophosphoric acid, preferably in the presence of either boric acid or fluoride or complex fluoro ions. The encapsulation method comprises continuously adding separate solutions of the reactants into the dispersion over a 0.5 to 5.0 hour period, at 70.degree. to 100.degree. C., whereby a complex phosphate or fluorophosphate is deposited around the particles in the form of continuous, adherent microcapsules. The chemical, thermal and light stability of the substrate is thereby improved.