Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a photonic device comprises a semiconductor substrate including at least one circuit component comprising a metal silicide layer and an overlying layer including at least one photoresponsive component. The metal silicide layer is disposed between the circuit component and the photoresponsive component to prevent entry into the circuit component of light that penetrates the photoresponsive component. The silicide layer advantageously reflects the light back into the photoresponsive element. In addition, the overlying layer can include one or more reflective layers to reduce entry of oblique light into the photoresponsive component. In an advantageous embodiment, the substrate comprises single-crystal silicon including one or more insulated gate field effect transistors (IGFETs), and/or capacitors, and the photoresponsive element comprises germanium and/or germanium alloy epitaxially grown from seeds on the silicon.

Abstract: A monolithically integrated electronic circuit using two different semiconductor layers which are separated by a dielectric layer. Transistors formed in the upper semiconductor layer are connected to transistors formed in the lower semiconductor layer via conventional wiring. Preferably, one layer of transistors is of one polarity, N-type or P-type, while the second layer of transistors is of the opposite polarity.

Abstract: A photodetector is formed from a body of semiconductor material substantially surrounded by dielectric surfaces. A passivation process is applied to at least one surface to reduce the rate of carrier generation and recombination on that surface. Photocurrent is read out from at least one electrical contact, which is formed on a doped region whose surface lies entirely on a passivated surface. Unwanted leakage current from un-passivated surfaces is reduced through one of the following methods. (a) The un-passivated surface is separated from the photo-collecting contact by at least two junctions (b) The un-passivated surface is doped to a very high level, at least equal to the conduction band or valence band density of states of the semiconductor (c) An accumulation or inversion layer is formed on the un-passivated surface by the application of an electric field. Electrical contacts are made to all doped regions, and bias is applied so that a reverse bias is maintained across all junctions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a colorant composition of the formula wherein R is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, or an alkylaryl group, and wherein R can be joined to the phenyl moiety to form a ring, R? is an aromatic- or heteroaromatic-containing group, each Ra, independently of the others, is a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a nitrile group, a nitro group, an amide group, or a sulfonamide group, w is an integer of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, n is an integer representing the number of carbon atoms in each repeat alkylene oxide unit, and x is an integer representing the number of repeat alkylene oxide units, wherein said colorant has no more than one —OH, —SH, or primary or secondary amino group per molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed is a colorant composition of the formula wherein R is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, or an alkylaryl group, and wherein R can be joined to the phenyl moiety to form a ring, R? is an aromatic- or heteroaromatic-containing group, each Ra, independently of the others, is a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a nitrile group, a nitro group, an amide group, or a sulfonamide group, w is an integer of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, n is an integer representing the number of carbon atoms in each repeat alkylene oxide unit, and x is an integer representing the number of repeat alkylene oxide units, wherein said colorant has no more than one —OH, —SH, or primary or secondary amino group per molecule.

Abstract: A compound having the formula wherein R1, Z, and the carbonyl can be comprised by a common ring, wherein R1 comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range, and wherein n is an integer of at least 12. A solid phase change ink composition is also disclosed containing a colorant comprising a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range and has the formula wherein R1, Z, and the carbonyl can be comprised by a common ring, and wherein n is an integer of at least 12. Also disclosed is a method of forming a colorant wherein a first compound having the formula is reacted with a second compound having the formula Z(CH2)nCH3 wherein n is an integer of at least 12 to form a third compound having the formula wherein the third compound comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range.

Abstract: A compound having the formula wherein R1, Z, and the carbonyl can be comprised by a common ring, wherein R1 comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range, and wherein n is an integer of at least 12. A solid phase change ink composition is also disclosed containing a colorant comprising a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range and has the formula wherein R1, Z, and the carbonyl can be comprised by a common ring, and wherein n is an integer of at least 12. Also disclosed is a method of forming a colorant wherein a first compound having the formula is reacted with a second compound having the formula Z(CH2)nCH3 wherein n is an integer of at least 12 to form a third compound having the formula wherein the third compound comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range.

Abstract: A photodetector is formed from a body of semiconductor material substantially surrounded by dielectric surfaces. A passivation process is applied to at least one surface to reduce the rate of carrier generation and recombination on that surface. Photocurrent is read out from at least one electrical contact, which is formed on a doped region whose surface lies entirely on a passivated surface. Unwanted leakage current from un-passivated surfaces is reduced through one of the following methods. (a) The un-passivated surface is separated from the photo-collecting contact by at least two junctions (b) The un-passivated surface is doped to a very high level, at least equal to the conduction band or valence band density of states of the semiconductor (c) An accumulation or inversion layer is formed on the un-passivated surface by the application of an electric field. Electrical contacts are made to all doped regions, and bias is applied so that a reverse bias is maintained across all junctions.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a photonic device comprises a semiconductor substrate including at least one circuit component comprising a metal silicide layer and an overlying layer including at least one photoresponsive component. The metal silicide layer is disposed between the circuit component and the photoresponsive component to prevent entry into the circuit component of light that penetrates the photoresponsive component. The silicide layer advantageously reflects the light back into the photoresponsive element. In addition, the overlying layer can include one or more reflective layers to reduce entry of oblique light into the photoresponsive component. In an advantageous embodiment, the substrate comprises single-crystal silicon including one or more insulated gate field effect transistors (IGFETs), and/or capacitors, and the photoresponsive element comprises germanium and/or germanium alloy epitaxially grown from seeds on the silicon.

Abstract: Disclosed are colorant compounds of the formula wherein R, R1, R2, R3, and R4 each, independently of the others, is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, or an alkylaryl group, and wherein R, R1, R2, R3, and R4 each can be joined to a phenyl moiety to form a ring, each R?a, R?b, and R?c, independently of the others, is a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a nitrile group, a nitro group, an amide group, or a sulfonamide group, z1, z2, and z3 each, independently of the others, is an integer of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, n is an integer representing the number of carbon atoms in each repeat alkylene oxide unit, x is an integer representing the number of repeat alkylene oxide units, D is an anion, and g is the charge on the anion, wherein said colorant has no more than one —OH, —SH, or primary or secondary amino group per molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed are colorant compounds of the formula wherein R, R1, R2, R3, and R4 each, independently of the others, is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, or an alkylaryl group, and wherein R, R1, R2, R3, and R4 each can be joined to a phenyl moiety to form a ring, each R?a, R?b, and R?c, independently of the others, is a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a nitrile group, a nitro group, an amide group, or a sulfonamide group, z1, z2, and z3 each, independently of the others, is an integer of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, n is an integer representing the number of carbon atoms in each repeat alkylene oxide unit, x is an integer representing the number of repeat alkylene oxide units, D is an anion, and g is the charge on the anion, wherein said colorant has no more than one —OH, —SH, or primary or secondary amino group per molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed are colorant compounds of the formula wherein R, R1, R2, R3, and R4 each, independently of the others, is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, or an alkylaryl group, and wherein R, R1, R2, R3, and R4 each can be joined to a phenyl moiety to form a ring, each R?a, R?b, and R?c, independently of the others, is a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a nitrile group, a nitro group, an amide group, or a sulfonamide group, z1, z2, and z3 each, independently of the others, is an integer of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, n is an integer representing the number of carbon atoms in each repeat alkylene oxide unit, x is an integer representing the number of repeat alkylene oxide units, D is an anion, and g is the charge on the anion, wherein said colorant has no more than one —OH, —SH, or primary or secondary amino group per molecule.

Abstract: A block of intermediate transfer material for use in a printing apparatus having an intermediate transfer member, said intermediate transfer member being equipped with a heater to heat said intermediate transfer member to a temperature of at least about 40° C., said intermediate transfer member having a surface with a first shape, a marking material applicator situated to apply marking material in an imagewise pattern to the intermediate transfer member, and a transferring apparatus to transfer the imagewise pattern of marking material to a final recording substrate, said block of intermediate transfer material comprising a silicone polymer containing monomers of the formula wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, x, y, and z are as defined herein, wherein the monomers can be directly bonded to each other or bonded through spacer groups, said block of intermediate transfer material having a surface with a second shape substantially the complement of the first shape.

Abstract: The invention encompasses a compound having the formula: wherein R1, Z and the carbonyl can be comprised by a common ring, wherein R1 comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range, and wherein n is an integer that is at least 12. The invention also encompasses a solid phase change ink composition. Such composition includes a phase change ink carrier and a colorant. The colorant comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range, and has the formula: wherein R1, Z and the carbonyl can be comprised by a common ring, wherein n is an integer that is at least 12. Additionally, the invention encompasses a method of forming a colorant. A first compound having the formula, is reacted with a second compound having the formula Z(CH2)nCH3, wherein n is an integer that is at least 12, to form a third compound having the formula, wherein the third compound comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range.

Abstract: The invention encompasses a compound having the formula: wherein R1, Z and the carbonyl can be comprised by a common ring, wherein R1 comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range, and wherein n is an integer that is at least 12. The invention also encompasses a solid phase change ink composition. Such composition includes a phase change ink carrier and a colorant. The colorant comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range, and has the formula: is wherein R1, Z and the carbonyl can be comprised by a common ring, wherein n is an integer that is at least 12. Additionally, the invention encompasses a method of forming a colorant. A first compound having the formula, is reacted with a second compound having the formula Z(CH2)nCH3, wherein n is an integer that is at least 12, to form a third compound having the formula, wherein the third compound comprises a chromophore that absorbs light from the visible wavelength range.

Abstract: A method for distributing advertisement information in an advertisement system having a system server at a system site and a remote unit having a remote display device includes receiving the advertisement information by a cellular network by way of a first cellular modem to provide received advertisement information and transmitting the received advertisement information by way of the cellular network to provide transmitted advertisement information. The transmitted advertisement information from the cellular network received by way of a second cellular modem to provide transmitted advertisement information and a display is provided on the remote display device in accordance with the transmitted advertisement information to provide displayed advertisement information.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition comprising (a) an aqueous liquid vehicle, and (b) a colorant which comprises an anhydride copolymer having at least one chromogen covalently bonded thereto and at least one ester, amide, imide, or thioester group covalently bonded thereto, said colorant being soluble or dispersible in the aqueous liquid vehicle. Also disclosed is an ink composition comprising (a) an aqueous liquid vehicle, and (b) a colorant which is the reaction product of (1) an anhydride copolymer, (2) a chromogen having one and only one group per molecule selected from the group consisting of —OH, —SH, primary amino, and secondary amino, and (3) a material selected from the group consisting of nonchromogenic monofunctional alcohols, nonchromogenic monofunctional thiols, nonchromogenic monofunctional primary or secondary amines, and mixtures thereof, said colorant being soluble or dispersible in the aqueous liquid vehicle.

Abstract: A photodetector is formed from a body of semiconductor material substantially surrounded by dielectric surfaces. A passivation process is applied to at least one surface to reduce the rate of carrier generation and recombination on that surface. Photocurrent is read out from at least one electrical contact, which is formed on a doped region whose surface lies entirely on a passivated surface. Unwanted leakage current from un-passivated surfaces is reduced through one of the following methods. (a) The un-passivated surface is separated from the photo-collecting contact by at least two junctions (b) The un-passivated surface is doped to a very high level, at least equal to the conduction band or valence band density of states of the semiconductor (c) An accumulation or inversion layer is formed on the un-passivated surface by the application of an electric field. Electrical contacts are made to all doped regions, and bias is applied so that a reverse bias is maintained across all junctions.

Abstract: An improved monolithic solid state imager comprises plural sub-arrays of respectively different kinds of pixels, an optional filter mosaic comprising color filters and clear elements, and circuitry to process the output of the pixels. The different kinds of pixels respond to respectively different spectral ranges. Advantageously the different kinds of pixels can be chosen from: 1) SWIR pixels responsive to short wavelength infrared (SWIR) in the range of approximately 800-1800 nm; 2) regular pixels responsive to visible and NIR radiation (400-1000 nm) and wideband pixels responsive to visible, NIR and SWIR radiation.

Abstract: A method of making a semiconductor device having a predetermined epitaxial region, such as an active region, with reduced defect density includes the steps of: (a) forming a dielectric cladding region on a major surface of a single crystal body of a first material; (b) forming a first opening that extends to a first depth into the cladding region; (c) forming a smaller second opening, within the first opening, that extends to a second depth greater than the first depth and that exposes an underlying portion of the major surface of the single crystal body; (d) epitaxially growing regions of a second semiconductor material in each of the openings and on the top of the cladding region; (e) controlling the dimensions of the second opening so that defects are confined to the epitaxial regions grown within the second opening and on top of the cladding region, a first predetermined region being located within the first opening and being essentially free of defects; (f) planarizing the top of the device to remove all